Perf: optimize Tablet write with columnar string storage and lazy DeviceID construction (~10x throughput)

[ColinLeeo]

Write 200 x 50000 rows: 15039 ms
Throughput: 664938 rows/s

Write 200 x 50000 rows: 1578 ms
Throughput: 6337140 rows/s

[collapsed.zip](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/26122101/collapsed.zip)

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 78.65169% with 19 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 62.18%. Comparing base (b90f676) to head (a79a4e7).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
cpp/src/writer/tsfile_writer.cc	57.69%	8 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️
cpp/src/common/tablet.h	79.31%	2 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️
cpp/src/common/tablet.cc	94.11%	0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop     #748      +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage    62.15%   62.18%   +0.02%     
===========================================
  Files          702      702              
  Lines        40680    40752      +72     
  Branches      5780     5800      +20     
===========================================
+ Hits         25286    25340      +54     
- Misses       14613    14623      +10     
- Partials       781      789       +8     

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[hongzhi-gao]

LGTM