Create langtons ant algorithm

[CaedenPH]

Describe your change:

Implements the langtons ant algorithm
@ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langton%27s_ant

• Add an algorithm?
• Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
• Documentation change?

Checklist:

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
• All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
• All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
• All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
• All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
• All new algorithms include at least one URL that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation.
• If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".

[CaedenPH]

@tianyizheng02 Pinging for review

[tianyizheng02]

Overall looks good, only got some minor suggestions. Also, could you add a function to animate the ant? Currently the user must call move_ant and display repeatedly to see the ant move, and it'd be nice if that could be automated.

[CaedenPH]

@tianyizheng02
https://github.com/CaedenPH/Python/blob/langtons-ant/cellular_automata/langtons_ant.py#L95-L98
This animation is a matplotlib animation which calls func (move_ant) frames times. The default frames passed is 100_000 so it would animate langtons ant up to 100_000 iterations. Here is what it looks like

screen-capture.13.webm

At the 11000th iteration, this pattern is created