diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml index f74306aa1..b349cd8c4 100644 --- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml +++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml @@ -1,6 +1,9 @@ # See https://pre-commit.com for more information # See https://pre-commit.com/hooks.html for more hooks -exclude: static/img/ +exclude: ( + static/img/ + docs/05function/_samples/indent.ipynb + ) repos: - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks rev: v4.3.0 @@ -63,7 +66,7 @@ repos: - id: nbqa-flake8 - id: nbqa-isort - id: nbqa-mypy - - id: nbqa-pylint + # - id: nbqa-pylint - id: nbqa-pyupgrade - id: nbqa-yapf - id: nbqa-autopep8 diff --git a/docs/index.mdx b/docs/index.mdx index e9235740a..f29bafb8b 100644 --- a/docs/index.mdx +++ b/docs/index.mdx @@ -27,3 +27,5 @@ Python やアルゴリズムについて簡単にまとめていこうかなと 10/10 練習問題を追加 10/16 練習問題をさらに追加 + +10/23 第二週の分を執筆 [ここから](/docs/python/05function/) diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/gravitation.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/gravitation.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dbd52365e --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/gravitation.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "G = 6.7 * 10 ** (-11)\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "def F(r, M, m):\n", + " return G * M * m / r**2\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "F(2, 60, 20)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "2.0099999999999998e-08" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 2 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/hello.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/hello.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1c9f41c91 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/hello.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "def hello():\n", + " print(\"Hello!\")\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "hello()" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "name": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Hello!\n" + ] + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/indent.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/indent.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..984654f66 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/indent.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "def f(x):\n", + "return x**2\n", + "\n", + "f(2)+f(3)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "error", + "ename": "IndentationError", + "evalue": "expected an indented block after function definition on line 1 (3556709620.py, line 2)", + "traceback": [ + "\u001b[0;36m Cell \u001b[0;32mIn [1], line 2\u001b[0;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31m return x**2\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mIndentationError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;31m:\u001b[0m expected an indented block after function definition on line 1\n" + ] + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_language.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_language.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ba5aece59 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_language.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "def introduce_self(name, language):\n", + " print(f\"\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001{name}\u3067\u3059\u3002{language}\u9078\u629e\u3067\u3059\u3002\")\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "introduce_self(\"\u6771\u5927\u592a\u90ce\", \"\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\")" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "name": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\u6771\u5927\u592a\u90ce\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u9078\u629e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n" + ] + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_language2.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_language2.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ee3c24bfa --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_language2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "def introduce_self(name, language):\n", + " print(\"\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\" + name + \"\u3067\u3059\u3002\" + language + \"\u9078\u629e\u3067\u3059\u3002\")\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "introduce_self(\"\u6771\u5927\u592a\u90ce\", \"\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\")" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "name": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\u6771\u5927\u592a\u90ce\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u9078\u629e\u3067\u3059\u3002\n" + ] + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5bc9dc15a --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "def introduce_self(name):\n", + " print(f\"\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001{name}\u3067\u3059\u3002\")\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "introduce_self(\"\u7530\u4e2d\")" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "name": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\u7530\u4e2d\u3067\u3059\u3002\n" + ] + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self2.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self2.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d5be41f8b --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "def introduce_self(name):\n", + " print(\"\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\" + name + \"\u3067\u3059\u3002\")\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "introduce_self(\"\u7530\u4e2d\")" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "name": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\u7530\u4e2d\u3067\u3059\u3002\n" + ] + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self3.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self3.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d3af26086 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self3.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "def introduce_self(name):\n", + " return f\"\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001{name}\u3067\u3059\u3002\"\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "print(introduce_self(\"\u5c0f\u6797\"))" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "name": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\u5c0f\u6797\u3067\u3059\u3002\n" + ] + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self4.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self4.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5bdf6ac92 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/introduce_self4.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "def introduce_self(name):\n", + " return \"\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\" + name + \"\u3067\u3059\u3002\"\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "print(introduce_self(\"\u5c0f\u6797\"))" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "name": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\u79c1\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\u5c0f\u6797\u3067\u3059\u3002\n" + ] + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/x2.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/x2.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4bd48f71f --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/x2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "2**2 + 3**2" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "13" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 1 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/_samples/x2_function.ipynb b/docs/python/05function/_samples/x2_function.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4e505b30f --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/_samples/x2_function.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "def f(x):\n", + " return x**2\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "f(2) + f(3)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "13" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 1 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/05function/index.mdx b/docs/python/05function/index.mdx new file mode 100644 index 000000000..da8514fd6 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/05function/index.mdx @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ +--- +sidebar_position: 5 +--- + +import ViewSource from "@site/src/components/ViewSource/ViewSource"; +import Answer from "@site/src/components/Answer"; + +# 関数 + +## 関数 + +$f(x)=x^2$ としたときの、$f(2)+f(3)$ を求めてみましょう。 + + + +一応できましたが、このようにつくると関数値を求めるときに毎回 $f(x)$ の定義を見て書かなければなりません。今回のように、単純な関数では良いですがもっと複雑な関数では大変です。このようなときに、Python では関数を使用できます。 + +関数を用いると、次のように簡単にプログラムを書くことができます。 + + + +関数は、次のようにしてつくることができます。引数は「ひきすう」と読みます。 + +```python +def 関数名(引数): + return 戻り値 +``` + +関数を使用するときは、次のようにするだけです。 + +```python +関数名(任意の引数) +``` + +:::caution +Python では、きちんとインデント（字下げ）をしないとエラーが発生してしまいます。 +例えば、先程のプログラムで `return` の前のインデントを忘れると、どこまでが関数の中身であるのかわからなくなり、次のようにエラーが発生してしまいます。 + + +::: + +プログラムにおける関数は、数学における関数よりも多くのことができます。 +例えば、数学では戻り値は必要ですが、プログラムにおける関数には戻り値は必ずしも必要ありません。そのため、次のようなプログラムをつくることができます。 + + + +このようにプログラムにおいては、一連の処理を実行するときに関数を使うことができます。もちろん、引数を与えると引数に応じた処理をすることができます。 + + + +:::note +上のプログラムは、下と同じ意味です。下のプログラムでも問題ないのですが、少し格好悪いので、`f-string` を使ってしまいました。気にしないでください。 + +`+` 記号を使うと、文字列をつなげることができます。 + + +::: + +戻り値を使うと、次のようにも表現できます。 + + + +:::note +先ほどと同様に `f-string` を使ってしまいました。`f-string` を使わないと、次のようになります。 + + +::: + +### 練習問題 1 + +万有引力を求める関数を作って実際に計算してみましょう。 + +$$ +F=G\frac{Mm}{r^2} +$$ + +$G=6.7\times 10^{-11}$、$r=2$、$M=60$、$m=20$ とします。 + + + + + +### 練習問題 2 + +`私の名前は、東大太郎です。中国語選択です。` のように自分の名前と第２外国語を紹介する関数を作ってみましょう。 + + + + +`f-string` を使わないと次のようになります。 + + + diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/ceil.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/ceil.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..21db0a3ee --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/ceil.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.ceil(3.2)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "4" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 1 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/cos.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/cos.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..38777a041 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/cos.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.cos(1)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "0.5403023058681398" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 1 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/exp.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/exp.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0f2146128 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/exp.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.exp(2)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "7.38905609893065" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 1 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/fabs.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/fabs.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..507527aa3 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/fabs.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.fabs(-4)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "4.0" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 1 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/floor.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/floor.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f0b4a10a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/floor.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.floor(3.2)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "3" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 2 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/log.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/log.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..72dbe9ef0 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/log.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.log(8, 2)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "3.0" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 2 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/math_example.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/math_example.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3a8c557a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/math_example.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.fabs(-2)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "2.0" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 2 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/pi.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/pi.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..246a98362 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/pi.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.pi" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "3.141592653589793" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 4 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/sin.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/sin.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5ae281ff3 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/sin.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.sin(1)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "0.8414709848078965" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 1 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/sqrt.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/sqrt.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..34b6375b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/sqrt.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.sqrt(2)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "1.4142135623730951" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 1 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/_samples/tan.ipynb b/docs/python/06library/_samples/tan.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 000000000..621a353e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/_samples/tan.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +{ + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "cells": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "math.tan(1)" + ], + "cell_type": "code", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "execute_result", + "data": { + "text/plain": [ + "1.5574077246549023" + ] + }, + "metadata": {}, + "execution_count": 1 + } + ], + "execution_count": null + } + ] +} diff --git a/docs/python/06library/index.mdx b/docs/python/06library/index.mdx new file mode 100644 index 000000000..30d19ad67 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/python/06library/index.mdx @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +--- +sidebar_position: 6 +--- + +import ViewSource from "@site/src/components/ViewSource/ViewSource"; +import Answer from "@site/src/components/Answer"; + +# ライブラリ + +## ライブラリ + +Python では、自分でいちいち関数を作らなくても、すでに用意されている豊富な関数群を使うことができます。（素晴らしい！） + +例えば、数学に関する計算をするのに便利な `math` ライブラリがあります。`math` ライブラリを使うと、様々な計算を行うことができます。 + +例えば、絶対値を求めるには、次のようにします。 + + + +`math` ライブラリを読み込むために、一行目で、 + +```python +import math +``` + +と入力します。すると、`math.関数名` のようにして関数を呼び出すことができます。 + +`math` ライブラリにはこれ以外にも多くの関数が定義されています。その一部を紹介します。 + +| 関数名 | 説明 | 例 | +| ------------------ | ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------ | +| `math.pi` | $\pi$ を返す。 | | +| `math.ceil(x)` | `x` の切り上げを返す。 | | +| `math.floor(x)` | `x` の切り捨てを返す。 | | +| `math.fabs(x)` | `x` の絶対値を返す。 | | +| `math.sqrt(x)` | $\sqrt{x}$ を返す。 | | +| `math.log(x,base)` | `base` を底とする `x` の対数を返す。 | | +| `math.exp(x)` | $e^x$ を返す。 | | +| `math.sin(x)` | $\sin(x)$ を返す。`x` はラジアン | | +| `math.cos(x)` | $\cos(x)$ を返す。`x` はラジアン | | +| `math.tan(x)` | $\tan(x)$ を返す。`x` はラジアン | | diff --git a/src/components/ViewSource/ViewSource.tsx b/src/components/ViewSource/ViewSource.tsx index f2d72c7be..0eccb5108 100644 --- a/src/components/ViewSource/ViewSource.tsx +++ b/src/components/ViewSource/ViewSource.tsx @@ -37,7 +37,9 @@ export default function ViewSource({ path, nooutput = false }) { .map((cell) => cell.outputs.map((output) => (output.text === undefined - ? output.data["text/plain"] + ? output.traceback === undefined + ? output.data["text/plain"] + : output.traceback : output.text ).join("") )