diff --git a/ggml/include/ggml.h b/ggml/include/ggml.h
index b69583dd3fde..1988d16dc42e 100644
--- a/ggml/include/ggml.h
+++ b/ggml/include/ggml.h
@@ -630,10 +630,11 @@ extern "C" {
 
     // this tensor...
     enum ggml_tensor_flag {
-        GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_INPUT  =  1, // ...is an input for the GGML compute graph
-        GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_OUTPUT =  2, // ...is an output for the GGML compute graph
-        GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_PARAM  =  4, // ...contains trainable parameters
-        GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_LOSS   =  8, // ...defines loss for numerical optimization (multiple loss tensors add up)
+        GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_INPUT   =  1, // ...is an input for the GGML compute graph
+        GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_OUTPUT  =  2, // ...is an output for the GGML compute graph
+        GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_PARAM   =  4, // ...contains trainable parameters
+        GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_LOSS    =  8, // ...defines loss for numerical optimization (multiple loss tensors add up)
+        GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE = 16, // ...must be computed
     };
 
     enum ggml_tri_type {
@@ -2577,11 +2578,42 @@ extern "C" {
         struct ggml_tensor *  grad,
         struct ggml_tensor *  sgd_params); // alpha, weight decay
 
+    // build forward mutiple tensors and select one of them for computing
+    // this is useful for creating graphs that have constant topology but compute different things based on the input
+    // ref: https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/18550
     //
-    // automatic differentiation
+    // nodes:
+    //   | - build forward into the graph but do not compute
+    //   c - build forward into the graph and compute
     //
+    //    |  |  ...  c  ...  |
+    //    |  |  ...  c  ...  |
+    //    |  |  ...  c  ...  |
+    //   [0  1  ... idx ...  n-1]        <-- ggml_build_forward_select(..., n, idx)
+    //               c
+    //               c
+    //
+    // example:
+    //   struct ggml_tensor * curs[3];
+    //
+    //   curs[0]  = compute0(...);
+    //   curs[1]  = compute1(...);
+    //   curs[2]  = compute2(...);
+    //
+    //   int idx = select_branch(some_input);
+    //
+    //   struct ggml_tensor * out = ggml_build_forward_select(cgraph, curs, 3, idx);
+    //
+    GGML_API struct ggml_tensor * ggml_build_forward_select(
+            struct ggml_cgraph  * cgraph,
+            struct ggml_tensor ** tensors,
+            int                   n_tensors,
+            int                   idx);
+
+    GGML_API void ggml_build_forward_expand(
+            struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph,
+            struct ggml_tensor * tensor);
 
-    GGML_API void ggml_build_forward_expand(struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, struct ggml_tensor * tensor);
     GGML_API void ggml_build_backward_expand(
         struct ggml_context *  ctx,        // context for gradient computation
         struct ggml_cgraph  *  cgraph,
@@ -2613,7 +2645,7 @@ extern "C" {
     GGML_API void ggml_graph_print(const struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph);
 
     // dump the graph into a file using the dot format
-    GGML_API void ggml_graph_dump_dot(const struct ggml_cgraph * gb, const struct ggml_cgraph * gf, const char * filename);
+    GGML_API void ggml_graph_dump_dot(const struct ggml_cgraph * gb, const struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, const char * filename);
 
     // TODO these functions were sandwiched in the old optimization interface, is there a better place for them?
     typedef void (*ggml_log_callback)(enum ggml_log_level level, const char * text, void * user_data);
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-backend.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-backend.cpp
index 1b59924b8cb6..354876574a0d 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-backend.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-backend.cpp
@@ -874,9 +874,9 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_print_assignments(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, str
         }
         if (sched->debug > 1) {
             ggml_backend_t tensor_backend = ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, node);
-            GGML_LOG_DEBUG("node #%3d (%10.10s): %20.20s (%5.5s) [%5.5s %8.8s] use=%d:", i, ggml_op_name(node->op), node->name,
+            GGML_LOG_DEBUG("node #%3d (%10.10s): %20.20s (%5.5s) [%5.5s %8.8s] use=%d,c=%d:", i, ggml_op_name(node->op), node->name,
                 fmt_size(ggml_nbytes(node)), tensor_backend ? ggml_backend_name(tensor_backend) : "NULL", GET_CAUSE(node),
-                graph->use_counts[ggml_hash_find(&graph->visited_hash_set, node)]);
+                graph->use_counts[ggml_hash_find(&graph->visited_hash_set, node)], node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE ? 1 : 0);
             for (int j = 0; j < GGML_MAX_SRC; j++) {
                 struct ggml_tensor * src = node->src[j];
                 if (src == NULL) {
@@ -1922,6 +1922,7 @@ static struct ggml_tensor * graph_copy_dup_tensor(struct ggml_hash_set hash_set,
         dst->view_offs = src->view_offs;
     }
     dst->op = src->op;
+    dst->flags = src->flags;
     memcpy(dst->op_params, src->op_params, sizeof(dst->op_params));
     ggml_set_name(dst, src->name);
 
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-blas/ggml-blas.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-blas/ggml-blas.cpp
index 84956cbb9ce2..2e9ddf2240d6 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-blas/ggml-blas.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-blas/ggml-blas.cpp
@@ -226,6 +226,10 @@ static enum ggml_status ggml_backend_blas_graph_compute(ggml_backend_t backend,
     for (int i = 0; i < cgraph->n_nodes; i++) {
         struct ggml_tensor * node = cgraph->nodes[i];
 
+        if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
         switch (node->op) {
             case GGML_OP_MUL_MAT:
                 ggml_backend_blas_mul_mat(ctx, node);
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-cann/ggml-cann.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-cann/ggml-cann.cpp
index eba83327f13f..42c6c67a40b4 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-cann/ggml-cann.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-cann/ggml-cann.cpp
@@ -2146,6 +2146,10 @@ static void evaluate_and_capture_cann_graph(ggml_backend_cann_context * cann_ctx
                 continue;
             }
 
+            if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
             bool ok = ggml_cann_compute_forward(*cann_ctx, node);
             if (!ok) {
                 GGML_LOG_ERROR("%s: op not supported %s (%s)\n", __func__, node->name, ggml_op_name(node->op));
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-cpu/ggml-cpu.c b/ggml/src/ggml-cpu/ggml-cpu.c
index f7ba1fe317db..4c7a75e768a7 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-cpu/ggml-cpu.c
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-cpu/ggml-cpu.c
@@ -2943,6 +2943,10 @@ static thread_ret_t ggml_graph_compute_thread(void * data) {
             continue;
         }
 
+        if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
         ggml_compute_forward(&params, node);
 
         if (state->ith == 0 && cplan->abort_callback &&
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/common.cuh b/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/common.cuh
index eaaf87612d28..179522d83555 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/common.cuh
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/common.cuh
@@ -1123,6 +1123,7 @@ struct ggml_tensor_extra_gpu {
 struct ggml_cuda_graph_node_properties {
     void * node_address;
     ggml_op node_op;
+    int32_t flags;
     int64_t ne[GGML_MAX_DIMS];
     size_t nb[GGML_MAX_DIMS];
     void * src_address[GGML_MAX_SRC];
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/ggml-cuda.cu b/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/ggml-cuda.cu
index ed1021469a7b..cda422defbe8 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/ggml-cuda.cu
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/ggml-cuda.cu
@@ -2918,6 +2918,7 @@ static bool ggml_cuda_graph_check_compability(ggml_cgraph * cgraph) {
 static void ggml_cuda_graph_node_set_properties(ggml_cuda_graph_node_properties * props, ggml_tensor * node) {
     props->node_address = node->data;
     props->node_op = node->op;
+    props->flags = node->flags;
     for (int i = 0; i < GGML_MAX_DIMS; i++) {
         props->ne[i] = node->ne[i];
         props->nb[i] = node->nb[i];
@@ -2961,6 +2962,10 @@ static bool ggml_cuda_graph_node_properties_match(ggml_tensor * node, ggml_cuda_
         return false;
     }
 
+    if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) != (props->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -3378,6 +3383,9 @@ static void ggml_cuda_graph_evaluate_and_capture(ggml_backend_cuda_context * cud
                     continue;
                 }
 
+                if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
 
                 // start of fusion operations
                 static bool disable_fusion = (getenv("GGML_CUDA_DISABLE_FUSION") != nullptr);
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-hexagon/ggml-hexagon.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-hexagon/ggml-hexagon.cpp
index cf1eb994c3ee..5b835c11c72d 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-hexagon/ggml-hexagon.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-hexagon/ggml-hexagon.cpp
@@ -2497,6 +2497,10 @@ static ggml_status ggml_backend_hexagon_graph_compute(ggml_backend_t backend, gg
             continue;
         }
 
+        if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
         uint32_t flags = 0;
 
         // skip quantizer if src1 is reused
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-impl.h b/ggml/src/ggml-impl.h
index 80e0fd2ff8b2..baadfe9a7b34 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-impl.h
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-impl.h
@@ -611,6 +611,9 @@ static inline bool ggml_can_fuse_ext(const struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, const in
         if (node->op != ops[i]) {
             return false;
         }
+        if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
         if (i < num_ops - 1 && !ggml_node_has_n_uses(cgraph, node_idxs[i], 1)) {
             return false;
         }
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-metal/ggml-metal-ops.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-metal/ggml-metal-ops.cpp
index 680ad794de9e..3d97d3dfdcbc 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-metal/ggml-metal-ops.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-metal/ggml-metal-ops.cpp
@@ -203,6 +203,10 @@ static int ggml_metal_op_encode_impl(ggml_metal_op_t ctx, int idx) {
         GGML_ABORT("unsupported op");
     }
 
+    if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
     int n_fuse = 1;
 
     // check if the current node can run concurrently with other nodes before it
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-opencl/ggml-opencl.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-opencl/ggml-opencl.cpp
index d89d5e7242d4..8059240b1c44 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-opencl/ggml-opencl.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-opencl/ggml-opencl.cpp
@@ -3058,6 +3058,10 @@ static ggml_status ggml_backend_opencl_graph_compute(ggml_backend_t backend, ggm
             continue;
         }
 
+        if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
         if (!backend_ctx->disable_fusion && ggml_opencl_can_fuse(cgraph, i, { GGML_OP_NORM, GGML_OP_MUL, GGML_OP_ADD })) {
             ggml_opencl_op_norm_fused(backend, node, cgraph->nodes[i+1], cgraph->nodes[i+2]);
             i += 2;
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-sycl/ggml-sycl.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-sycl/ggml-sycl.cpp
index 8f8176b678a2..bb8acc922b95 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-sycl/ggml-sycl.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-sycl/ggml-sycl.cpp
@@ -4109,6 +4109,9 @@ static void ggml_backend_sycl_graph_compute_impl(ggml_backend_sycl_context * syc
         if (ggml_is_empty(node) || node->op == GGML_OP_RESHAPE || node->op == GGML_OP_TRANSPOSE || node->op == GGML_OP_VIEW || node->op == GGML_OP_PERMUTE || node->op == GGML_OP_NONE) {
             continue;
         }
+        if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
 #ifndef NDEBUG
         assert(node->buffer->buft == ggml_backend_sycl_buffer_type(sycl_ctx->device));
         for (int j = 0; j < GGML_MAX_SRC; j++) {
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-vulkan/ggml-vulkan.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-vulkan/ggml-vulkan.cpp
index 0fabbcec31d4..08fd044ca031 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-vulkan/ggml-vulkan.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-vulkan/ggml-vulkan.cpp
@@ -12191,6 +12191,9 @@ static bool ggml_vk_build_graph(ggml_backend_vk_context * ctx, ggml_cgraph * cgr
     if (ggml_is_empty(node) || ggml_op_is_empty(node->op) || !node->buffer) {
         return false;
     }
+    if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
 
     VK_LOG_DEBUG("ggml_vk_build_graph(" << node << ", " << ggml_op_name(node->op) << ")");
     ctx->semaphore_idx = 0;
@@ -13645,7 +13648,7 @@ static ggml_status ggml_backend_vk_graph_compute(ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_cg
     int last_node = cgraph->n_nodes - 1;
 
     // If the last op in the cgraph isn't backend GPU, the command buffer doesn't get closed properly
-    while (last_node > 0 && ggml_vk_is_empty(cgraph->nodes[last_node])) {
+    while (last_node > 0 && (ggml_vk_is_empty(cgraph->nodes[last_node]) || ((cgraph->nodes[last_node]->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0))) {
         last_node -= 1;
     }
 
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-webgpu/ggml-webgpu.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-webgpu/ggml-webgpu.cpp
index 1470378af007..584cea7698b8 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-webgpu/ggml-webgpu.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-webgpu/ggml-webgpu.cpp
@@ -1982,6 +1982,9 @@ static std::optional<webgpu_command> ggml_webgpu_encode_node(webgpu_context ctx,
     if (ggml_is_empty(node)) {
         return std::nullopt;
     }
+    if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
     WEBGPU_LOG_DEBUG("ggml_webgpu_encode_node(" << node << ", " << ggml_op_name(node->op) << ")");
 
     ggml_tensor * src0 = node->src[0];
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-zdnn/ggml-zdnn.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-zdnn/ggml-zdnn.cpp
index edbeb8eef245..906d25417e40 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-zdnn/ggml-zdnn.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-zdnn/ggml-zdnn.cpp
@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@ static enum ggml_status ggml_zdnn_graph_compute(ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_cgr
             continue;
         }
 
+        if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
         bool ok = ggml_zdnn_compute_forward(ctx, node);
         if (!ok) {
             GGML_LOG_ERROR("%s: unsupported op %s (%s)\n",
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-zendnn/ggml-zendnn.cpp b/ggml/src/ggml-zendnn/ggml-zendnn.cpp
index fd07f983da77..afbecde7a5a9 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml-zendnn/ggml-zendnn.cpp
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml-zendnn/ggml-zendnn.cpp
@@ -211,6 +211,10 @@ static ggml_status ggml_backend_zendnn_graph_compute(ggml_backend_t backend, ggm
     for (int i = 0; i < cgraph->n_nodes; i++) {
         struct ggml_tensor * node = cgraph->nodes[i];
 
+        if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
         switch (node->op) {
             case GGML_OP_MUL_MAT:
                 ggml_zendnn_compute_forward_mul_mat(ctx, node);
diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml.c b/ggml/src/ggml.c
index c75fe7d2716d..1725ad16545a 100644
--- a/ggml/src/ggml.c
+++ b/ggml/src/ggml.c
@@ -3441,7 +3441,8 @@ struct ggml_tensor * ggml_cast(
 
     result->op     = GGML_OP_CPY;
     result->src[0] = a;
-    result->src[1] = result;
+    result->src[1] = result; // note: this self-reference might seem redundant, but it's actually needed by some
+                             //       backends for consistency with ggml_cpy_impl() above
 
     return result;
 }
@@ -6725,20 +6726,35 @@ static void ggml_compute_backward(
     GGML_ASSERT(!src2_needs_grads || ggml_are_same_shape(src2, cgraph->grads[isrc2]));
 }
 
-static size_t ggml_visit_parents(struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, struct ggml_tensor * node) {
-    // check if already visited
-    size_t node_hash_pos = ggml_hash_find(&cgraph->visited_hash_set, node);
+static size_t ggml_visit_parents_graph(struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, struct ggml_tensor * node, bool compute) {
+    if (node->op != GGML_OP_NONE && compute) {
+        node->flags |= GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE;
+    }
+
+    const size_t node_hash_pos = ggml_hash_find(&cgraph->visited_hash_set, node);
     GGML_ASSERT(node_hash_pos != GGML_HASHSET_FULL);
-    if (!ggml_bitset_get(cgraph->visited_hash_set.used, node_hash_pos)) {
-        // This is the first time we see this node in the current graph.
-        cgraph->visited_hash_set.keys[node_hash_pos] = node;
-        ggml_bitset_set(cgraph->visited_hash_set.used, node_hash_pos);
-        cgraph->use_counts[node_hash_pos] = 0;
-    } else {
+
+    if (ggml_bitset_get(cgraph->visited_hash_set.used, node_hash_pos)) {
         // already visited
+
+        if (compute) {
+            // update the compute flag regardless
+            for (int i = 0; i < GGML_MAX_SRC; ++i) {
+                struct ggml_tensor * src = node->src[i];
+                if (src && ((src->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0)) {
+                    ggml_visit_parents_graph(cgraph, src, true);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         return node_hash_pos;
     }
 
+    // This is the first time we see this node in the current graph.
+    cgraph->visited_hash_set.keys[node_hash_pos] = node;
+    ggml_bitset_set(cgraph->visited_hash_set.used, node_hash_pos);
+    cgraph->use_counts[node_hash_pos] = 0;
+
     for (int i = 0; i < GGML_MAX_SRC; ++i) {
         const int k =
             (cgraph->order == GGML_CGRAPH_EVAL_ORDER_LEFT_TO_RIGHT) ? i :
@@ -6747,7 +6763,7 @@ static size_t ggml_visit_parents(struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, struct ggml_tensor
 
         struct ggml_tensor * src = node->src[k];
         if (src) {
-            size_t src_hash_pos = ggml_visit_parents(cgraph, src);
+            const size_t src_hash_pos = ggml_visit_parents_graph(cgraph, src, compute);
 
             // Update the use count for this operand.
             cgraph->use_counts[src_hash_pos]++;
@@ -6778,17 +6794,17 @@ static size_t ggml_visit_parents(struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, struct ggml_tensor
     return node_hash_pos;
 }
 
-static void ggml_build_forward_impl(struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, struct ggml_tensor * tensor, bool expand) {
+static void ggml_build_forward_impl(struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, struct ggml_tensor * tensor, bool expand, bool compute) {
     if (!expand) {
         // TODO: this branch isn't accessible anymore, maybe move this to ggml_build_forward_expand
         ggml_graph_clear(cgraph);
     }
 
-    const int n0 = cgraph->n_nodes;
+    const int n_old = cgraph->n_nodes;
 
-    ggml_visit_parents(cgraph, tensor);
+    ggml_visit_parents_graph(cgraph, tensor, compute);
 
-    const int n_new = cgraph->n_nodes - n0;
+    const int n_new = cgraph->n_nodes - n_old;
     GGML_PRINT_DEBUG("%s: visited %d new nodes\n", __func__, n_new);
 
     if (n_new > 0) {
@@ -6797,8 +6813,22 @@ static void ggml_build_forward_impl(struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, struct ggml_ten
     }
 }
 
+struct ggml_tensor * ggml_build_forward_select(
+        struct ggml_cgraph  * cgraph,
+        struct ggml_tensor ** tensors,
+        int                   n_tensors,
+        int                   idx) {
+    GGML_ASSERT(idx >= 0 && idx < n_tensors);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < n_tensors; i++) {
+        ggml_build_forward_impl(cgraph, tensors[i], true, i == idx ? true : false);
+    }
+
+    return tensors[idx];
+}
+
 void ggml_build_forward_expand(struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, struct ggml_tensor * tensor) {
-    ggml_build_forward_impl(cgraph, tensor, true);
+    ggml_build_forward_impl(cgraph, tensor, true, true);
 }
 
 void ggml_build_backward_expand(
@@ -7229,6 +7259,10 @@ bool ggml_can_fuse_subgraph_ext(const struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph,
             return false;
         }
 
+        if ((node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_COMPUTE) == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
         if (ggml_node_list_find_tensor(cgraph, outputs, num_outputs, node) != -1) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -7310,7 +7344,7 @@ static void ggml_graph_dump_dot_leaf_edge(FILE * fp, struct ggml_tensor * node,
             label);
 }
 
-void ggml_graph_dump_dot(const struct ggml_cgraph * gb, const struct ggml_cgraph * gf, const char * filename) {
+void ggml_graph_dump_dot(const struct ggml_cgraph * gb, const struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, const char * filename) {
     char color[16];
 
     FILE * fp = ggml_fopen(filename, "w");
@@ -7331,7 +7365,7 @@ void ggml_graph_dump_dot(const struct ggml_cgraph * gb, const struct ggml_cgraph
         if (node->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_PARAM) {
             snprintf(color, sizeof(color), "yellow");
         } else if (grad) {
-            if (ggml_graph_find(gf, node)) {
+            if (ggml_graph_find(cgraph, node)) {
                 snprintf(color, sizeof(color), "green");
             } else {
                 snprintf(color, sizeof(color), "lightblue");
