Encoding.xml

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  <Docs>
    <summary>Represents a character encoding.</summary>
    <remarks>
      <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

The <xref:System.Text.Encoding> class represents a character encoding.

Encoding is the process of transforming a set of Unicode characters into a sequence of bytes. In contrast, decoding is the process of transforming a sequence of encoded bytes into a set of Unicode characters. For information about the Unicode Transformation Formats (UTFs) and other encodings supported by <xref:System.Text.Encoding>, see [Character Encoding in .NET](/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding).

<xref:System.Text.Encoding> is intended to operate on Unicode characters instead of arbitrary binary data, such as byte arrays. If you must encode arbitrary binary data into text, you should use a protocol such as uuencode, which is implemented by methods such as <xref:System.Convert.ToBase64CharArray*?displayProperty=nameWithType>.

.NET provides the following implementations of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding> class to support current Unicode encodings and other encodings:

- <xref:System.Text.ASCIIEncoding> encodes Unicode characters as single 7-bit ASCII characters. This encoding only supports character values between U+0000 and U+007F. Code page 20127. Also available through the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.ASCII> property.

- <xref:System.Text.UTF7Encoding> encodes Unicode characters using the UTF-7 encoding. This encoding supports all Unicode character values. Code page 65000. Also available through the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.UTF7> property.

- <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding> encodes Unicode characters using the UTF-8 encoding. This encoding supports all Unicode character values. Code page 65001. Also available through the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.UTF8> property.

- <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding> encodes Unicode characters using the UTF-16 encoding. Both little endian and big endian byte orders are supported. Also available through the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.Unicode> property and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.BigEndianUnicode> property.

- <xref:System.Text.UTF32Encoding> encodes Unicode characters using the UTF-32 encoding. Both little endian (code page 12000) and big endian (code page 12001) byte orders are supported. Also available through the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.UTF32> property.

The <xref:System.Text.Encoding> class is primarily intended to convert between different encodings and Unicode. Often one of the derived Unicode classes is the correct choice for your app.

Use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method to obtain other encodings, and call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings*> method to get a list of all encodings.

## List of encodings

The following table lists the encodings supported by .NET. It lists each encoding's code page number and the values of the encoding's <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name?displayProperty=nameWithType> and <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo.DisplayName?displayProperty=nameWithType> properties. A check mark in the **.NET Framework support**, **.NET Core support**, or **.NET 5 and later support** column indicates that the code page is natively supported by that .NET implementation, regardless of the underlying platform. For .NET Framework, the availability of other encodings listed in the table depends on the operating system. For .NET Core and .NET 5 and later versions, other encodings are available by using the <xref:System.Text.CodePagesEncodingProvider?displayProperty=nameWithType> class or by deriving from the <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider?displayProperty=nameWithType> class.

> [!NOTE]
> Code pages whose <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name?displayProperty=nameWithType> property corresponds to an international standard do not necessarily comply in full with that standard.

|Code page|Name|Display name|.NET Framework support| .NET Core support | .NET 5 and later support |
|---------|----|------------|----------------------|-------------------|----------------------------|
|37|IBM037|IBM EBCDIC (US-Canada)||||
|437|IBM437|OEM United States||||
|500|IBM500|IBM EBCDIC (International)||||
|708|ASMO-708|Arabic (ASMO 708)||||
|720|DOS-720|Arabic (DOS)||||
|737|ibm737|Greek (DOS)||||
|775|ibm775|Baltic (DOS)||||
|850|ibm850|Western European (DOS)||||
|852|ibm852|Central European (DOS)||||
|855|IBM855|OEM Cyrillic||||
|857|ibm857|Turkish (DOS)||||
|858|IBM00858|OEM Multilingual Latin I||||
|860|IBM860|Portuguese (DOS)||||
|861|ibm861|Icelandic (DOS)||||
|862|DOS-862|Hebrew (DOS)||||
|863|IBM863|French Canadian (DOS)||||
|864|IBM864|Arabic (864)||||
|865|IBM865|Nordic (DOS)||||
|866|cp866|Cyrillic (DOS)||||
|869|ibm869|Greek, Modern (DOS)||||
|870|IBM870|IBM EBCDIC (Multilingual Latin-2)||||
|874|windows-874|Thai (Windows)||||
|875|cp875|IBM EBCDIC (Greek Modern)||||
|932|shift_jis|Japanese (Shift-JIS)||||
|936|gb2312|Chinese Simplified (GB2312)|✓|||
|949|ks_c_5601-1987|Korean||||
|950|big5|Chinese Traditional (Big5)||||
|1026|IBM1026|IBM EBCDIC (Turkish Latin-5)||||
|1047|IBM01047|IBM Latin-1||||
|1140|IBM01140|IBM EBCDIC (US-Canada-Euro)||||
|1141|IBM01141|IBM EBCDIC (Germany-Euro)||||
|1142|IBM01142|IBM EBCDIC (Denmark-Norway-Euro)||||
|1143|IBM01143|IBM EBCDIC (Finland-Sweden-Euro)||||
|1144|IBM01144|IBM EBCDIC (Italy-Euro)||||
|1145|IBM01145|IBM EBCDIC (Spain-Euro)||||
|1146|IBM01146|IBM EBCDIC (UK-Euro)||||
|1147|IBM01147|IBM EBCDIC (France-Euro)||||
|1148|IBM01148|IBM EBCDIC (International-Euro)||||
|1149|IBM01149|IBM EBCDIC (Icelandic-Euro)||||
|1200|utf-16|Unicode|✓|✓|✓|
|1201|unicodeFFFE|Unicode (Big endian)|✓|✓|✓|
|1250|windows-1250|Central European (Windows)||||
|1251|windows-1251|Cyrillic (Windows)||||
|1252|Windows-1252|Western European (Windows)|✓|||
|1253|windows-1253|Greek (Windows)||||
|1254|windows-1254|Turkish (Windows)||||
|1255|windows-1255|Hebrew (Windows)||||
|1256|windows-1256|Arabic (Windows)||||
|1257|windows-1257|Baltic (Windows)||||
|1258|windows-1258|Vietnamese (Windows)||||
|1361|Johab|Korean (Johab)||||
|10000|macintosh|Western European (Mac)||||
|10001|x-mac-japanese|Japanese (Mac)||||
|10002|x-mac-chinesetrad|Chinese Traditional (Mac)||||
|10003|x-mac-korean|Korean (Mac)|✓|||
|10004|x-mac-arabic|Arabic (Mac)||||
|10005|x-mac-hebrew|Hebrew (Mac)||||
|10006|x-mac-greek|Greek (Mac)||||
|10007|x-mac-cyrillic|Cyrillic (Mac)||||
|10008|x-mac-chinesesimp|Chinese Simplified (Mac)|✓|||
|10010|x-mac-romanian|Romanian (Mac)||||
|10017|x-mac-ukrainian|Ukrainian (Mac)||||
|10021|x-mac-thai|Thai (Mac)||||
|10029|x-mac-ce|Central European (Mac)||||
|10079|x-mac-icelandic|Icelandic (Mac)||||
|10081|x-mac-turkish|Turkish (Mac)||||
|10082|x-mac-croatian|Croatian (Mac)||||
|12000|utf-32|Unicode (UTF-32)|✓|✓|✓|
|12001|utf-32BE|Unicode (UTF-32 Big endian)|✓|✓|✓|
|20000|x-Chinese-CNS|Chinese Traditional (CNS)||||
|20001|x-cp20001|TCA Taiwan||||
|20002|x-Chinese-Eten|Chinese Traditional (Eten)||||
|20003|x-cp20003|IBM5550 Taiwan||||
|20004|x-cp20004|TeleText Taiwan||||
|20005|x-cp20005|Wang Taiwan||||
|20105|x-IA5|Western European (IA5)||||
|20106|x-IA5-German|German (IA5)||||
|20107|x-IA5-Swedish|Swedish (IA5)||||
|20108|x-IA5-Norwegian|Norwegian (IA5)||||
|20127|us-ascii|US-ASCII|✓|✓|✓|
|20261|x-cp20261|T.61||||
|20269|x-cp20269|ISO-6937||||
|20273|IBM273|IBM EBCDIC (Germany)||||
|20277|IBM277|IBM EBCDIC (Denmark-Norway)||||
|20278|IBM278|IBM EBCDIC (Finland-Sweden)||||
|20280|IBM280|IBM EBCDIC (Italy)||||
|20284|IBM284|IBM EBCDIC (Spain)||||
|20285|IBM285|IBM EBCDIC (UK)||||
|20290|IBM290|IBM EBCDIC (Japanese katakana)||||
|20297|IBM297|IBM EBCDIC (France)||||
|20420|IBM420|IBM EBCDIC (Arabic)||||
|20423|IBM423|IBM EBCDIC (Greek)||||
|20424|IBM424|IBM EBCDIC (Hebrew)||||
|20833|x-EBCDIC-KoreanExtended|IBM EBCDIC (Korean Extended)||||
|20838|IBM-Thai|IBM EBCDIC (Thai)||||
|20866|koi8-r|Cyrillic (KOI8-R)||||
|20871|IBM871|IBM EBCDIC (Icelandic)||||
|20880|IBM880|IBM EBCDIC (Cyrillic Russian)||||
|20905|IBM905|IBM EBCDIC (Turkish)||||
|20924|IBM00924|IBM Latin-1||||
|20932|EUC-JP|Japanese (JIS 0208-1990 and 0212-1990)||||
|20936|x-cp20936|Chinese Simplified (GB2312-80)|✓|||
|20949|x-cp20949|Korean Wansung|✓|||
|21025|cp1025|IBM EBCDIC (Cyrillic Serbian-Bulgarian)||||
|21866|koi8-u|Cyrillic (KOI8-U)||||
|28591|iso-8859-1|Western European (ISO)|✓|✓|✓|
|28592|iso-8859-2|Central European (ISO)||||
|28593|iso-8859-3|Latin 3 (ISO)||||
|28594|iso-8859-4|Baltic (ISO)||||
|28595|iso-8859-5|Cyrillic (ISO)||||
|28596|iso-8859-6|Arabic (ISO)||||
|28597|iso-8859-7|Greek (ISO)||||
|28598|iso-8859-8|Hebrew (ISO-Visual)|✓|||
|28599|iso-8859-9|Turkish (ISO)||||
|28603|iso-8859-13|Estonian (ISO)||||
|28605|iso-8859-15|Latin 9 (ISO)||||
|29001|x-Europa|Europa||||
|38598|iso-8859-8-i|Hebrew (ISO-Logical)|✓|||
|50220|iso-2022-jp|Japanese (JIS)|✓|||
|50221|csISO2022JP|Japanese (JIS-Allow 1 byte Kana)|✓|||
|50222|iso-2022-jp|Japanese (JIS-Allow 1 byte Kana - SO/SI)|✓|||
|50225|iso-2022-kr|Korean (ISO)|✓|||
|50227|x-cp50227|Chinese Simplified (ISO-2022)|✓|||
|51932|euc-jp|Japanese (EUC)|✓|||
|51936|EUC-CN|Chinese Simplified (EUC)|✓|||
|51949|euc-kr|Korean (EUC)|✓|||
|52936|hz-gb-2312|Chinese Simplified (HZ)|✓|||
|54936|GB18030|Chinese Simplified (GB18030)|✓|||
|57002|x-iscii-de|ISCII Devanagari|✓|||
|57003|x-iscii-be|ISCII Bengali|✓|||
|57004|x-iscii-ta|ISCII Tamil|✓|||
|57005|x-iscii-te|ISCII Telugu|✓|||
|57006|x-iscii-as|ISCII Assamese|✓|||
|57007|x-iscii-or|ISCII Oriya|✓|||
|57008|x-iscii-ka|ISCII Kannada|✓|||
|57009|x-iscii-ma|ISCII Malayalam|✓|||
|57010|x-iscii-gu|ISCII Gujarati|✓|||
|57011|x-iscii-pa|ISCII Punjabi|✓|||
|65000|utf-7|Unicode (UTF-7)|✓|✓||
|65001|utf-8|Unicode (UTF-8)|✓|✓|✓|

The following example calls the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.String)> methods to get the Greek (Windows) code page encoding. It compares the <xref:System.Text.Encoding> objects returned by the method calls to show that they are equal, and then maps displays the Unicode code point and the corresponding code page value for each character in the Greek alphabet.

:::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/Overview/getencoding1.cs" id="Snippet1":::
:::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/Overview/getencoding1.vb" id="Snippet1":::

If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

The UTF-16 and the UTF-32 encoders can use the big endian byte order (most significant byte first) or the little endian byte order (least significant byte first). For example, the Latin Capital Letter A (U+0041) is serialized as follows (in hexadecimal):

- UTF-16 big endian byte order: 00 41
- UTF-16 little endian byte order: 41 00
- UTF-32 big endian byte order: 00 00 00 41
- UTF-32 little endian byte order: 41 00 00 00

It is generally more efficient to store Unicode characters using the native byte order. For example, it is better to use the little endian byte order on little endian platforms, such as Intel computers.

The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetPreamble*> method retrieves an array of bytes that includes the byte order mark (BOM). If this byte array is prefixed to an encoded stream, it helps the decoder to identify the encoding format used.

For more information on byte order and the byte order mark, see The Unicode Standard at the [Unicode home page](https://home.unicode.org/).

Note that the encoding classes allow errors to:

- Silently change to a "?" character.
- Use a "best fit" character.
- Change to an application-specific behavior through use of the <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback> and <xref:System.Text.DecoderFallback> classes with the U+FFFD Unicode replacement character.

You should throw an exception on any data stream error. An app either uses a "throwonerror" flag when applicable or uses the <xref:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback> and <xref:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback> classes. Best fit fallback is often not recommended because it can cause data loss or confusion and is slower than simple character replacements. For ANSI encodings, the best fit behavior is the default.

 ]]></format>
    </remarks>
    <example>
      <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[
The following example converts a string from one encoding to another.

> [!NOTE]
> The `byte[]` array is the only type in this example that contains the encoded data. The .NET `Char` and `String` types are themselves Unicode, so the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call decodes the data back to Unicode.

:::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/Overview/convert.cs" id="Snippet1":::
:::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/Overview/convert.vb" id="Snippet1":::
      ]]></format>
    </example>
    <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
  </Docs>
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## Remarks
 Derived classes override this constructor.

 ]]></format>
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        <Parameter Name="codePage" Type="System.Int32" />
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        <param name="codePage">The code page identifier of the preferred encoding.

 -or-

 0, to use the default encoding.</param>
        <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> class that corresponds to the specified code page.</summary>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 Derived classes override this constructor.

 Calls to this constructor from a derived class create an <xref:System.Text.Encoding> object that uses best-fit fallback for both encoding and decoding operations. Both the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback*> properties are read-only and cannot be modified. To control the fallback strategy for a class derived from <xref:System.Text.Encoding>, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.%23ctor(System.Int32,System.Text.EncoderFallback,System.Text.DecoderFallback)> constructor.

 ]]></format>
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      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="codePage" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="encoderFallback" Type="System.Text.EncoderFallback" />
        <Parameter Name="decoderFallback" Type="System.Text.DecoderFallback" />
      </Parameters>
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        <param name="codePage">The encoding code page identifier.</param>
        <param name="encoderFallback">An object that provides an error-handling procedure when a character cannot be encoded with the current encoding.</param>
        <param name="decoderFallback">An object that provides an error-handling procedure when a byte sequence cannot be decoded with the current encoding.</param>
        <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> class that corresponds to the specified code page with the specified encoder and decoder fallback strategies.</summary>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 This constructor is `protected`; derived classes override it.

 You call this constructor from a derived class to control the fallback encoding and decoding strategies. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding> class constructors create read-only encoding objects that don't allow encoder or decoder fallback to be set after the object is created.

 If either `encoderFallback` or `decoderFallback` is null, best-fit fallback is used as the corresponding fallback strategy.

 ]]></format>
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        <summary>Gets an encoding for the ASCII (7-bit) character set.</summary>
        <value>An encoding for the ASCII (7-bit) character set.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 ASCII characters are limited to the lowest 128 Unicode characters, from U+0000 to U+007F.

 When selecting the ASCII encoding for your app, consider the following:

- The ASCII encoding is usually appropriate for protocols that require ASCII.
- If you require 8-bit encoding (which is sometimes incorrectly referred to as "ASCII"), the UTF-8 encoding is recommended over the ASCII encoding. For the characters 0-7F, the results are identical, but use of UTF-8 avoids data loss by allowing representation of all Unicode characters that are representable. Note that the ASCII encoding has an 8th bit ambiguity that can allow malicious use, but the UTF-8 encoding removes ambiguity about the 8th bit.
- Non-ASCII code points fall back during decoding.

 The <xref:System.Text.ASCIIEncoding> object that is returned by this property might not have the appropriate behavior for your app. It uses replacement fallback to replace each string that it cannot encode and each byte that it cannot decode with a question mark ("?") character. Instead, you can call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.String,System.Text.EncoderFallback,System.Text.DecoderFallback)> method to instantiate an <xref:System.Text.ASCIIEncoding> object whose fallback is either an <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException> or a <xref:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException>, as the following example illustrates.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/ASCII/encoding.ascii2.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/ASCII/encoding.ascii2.vb" id="Snippet1":::

## Examples

The following example demonstrates the effect of the ASCII encoding on characters that are outside the ASCII range.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/ASCII/ascii.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/ASCII/ascii.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.ASCIIEncoding" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.UTF8" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.Unicode" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
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        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoding</ReturnType>
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      <Docs>
        <summary>Gets an encoding for the UTF-16 format that uses the big endian byte order.</summary>
        <value>An encoding object for the UTF-16 format that uses the big endian byte order.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding> object that is returned by this property might not have the appropriate behavior for your app. It uses replacement fallback to replace each string that it cannot encode and each byte that it cannot decode with a question mark ("?") character. Instead, you can call the <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding.%23ctor(System.Boolean,System.Boolean,System.Boolean)?displayProperty=nameWithType> constructor to instantiate a big endian <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding> object whose fallback is either an <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException> or a <xref:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException>, as the following example illustrates.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/bigendianunicode1.cs" id="Snippet2":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/bigendianunicode1.vb" id="Snippet2":::

 The returned <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding> object has <xref:System.Text.Encoding.BodyName*>, <xref:System.Text.Encoding.HeaderName*>, and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WebName*> properties, which yield the name "unicodeFFFE". Although the UTF-16 big endian byte order mark is hexadecimal FEFF, the name "unicodeFFFE" was chosen because the byte order mark appears as hexadecimal FFFE on little endian Windows computers.

## Examples
 The following example reads a text file with a UTF-16 encoding using the big endian byte order.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/bigendianunicode.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/bigendianunicode.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode a character array, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.Unicode" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
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        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets a name for the current encoding that can be used with mail agent body tags.</summary>
        <value>A name for the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> that can be used with mail agent body tags.

 -or-

 An empty string (""), if the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> cannot be used.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 If you need an encoding for a body name, you should call <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> with the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.BodyName> property. Often the method retrieves a different encoding from the test encoding furnished in the call. Generally only email applications need to retrieve such an encoding; most other applications that need to describe an encoding should use its <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WebName*>.

 In some cases, the value of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.BodyName> property corresponds to the international standard that defines that encoding. This doesn't mean that the implementation complies in full with that standard.

## Examples
 The following example retrieves the different names for each encoding and displays the encodings with one or more names that are different from <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name*?displayProperty=nameWithType>. It displays <xref:System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName*> but does not compare against it.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BodyName/names.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BodyName/names.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.HeaderName" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.WebName" />
      </Docs>
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        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The clone is writable even if the original <xref:System.Text.Encoding> object is read-only. Therefore, the properties of the clone can be modified.

 A shallow copy of an object is a copy of the object only. If the object contains references to other objects, the shallow copy does not create copies of the referred objects. It refers to the original objects instead. In contrast, a deep copy of an object creates a copy of the object and a copy of everything directly or indirectly referenced by that object.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
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      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
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        <ReturnType>System.Int32</ReturnType>
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        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets the code page identifier of the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />.</summary>
        <value>The code page identifier of the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Examples
 The following example retrieves the different names for each encoding and displays the encodings with one or more names that are different from <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name*?displayProperty=nameWithType>. It displays <xref:System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName*> but does not compare against it.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BodyName/names.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BodyName/names.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.EncodingInfo.CodePage" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.WindowsCodePage" />
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        <summary>Converts a byte array from one encoding to another.</summary>
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      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Byte[]</ReturnType>
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        <Parameter Name="srcEncoding" Type="System.Text.Encoding" />
        <Parameter Name="dstEncoding" Type="System.Text.Encoding" />
        <Parameter Name="bytes" Type="System.Byte[]" />
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        <param name="srcEncoding">The encoding format of <paramref name="bytes" />.</param>
        <param name="dstEncoding">The target encoding format.</param>
        <param name="bytes">The bytes to convert.</param>
        <summary>Converts an entire byte array from one encoding to another.</summary>
        <returns>An array of type <see cref="T:System.Byte" /> containing the results of converting <paramref name="bytes" /> from <paramref name="srcEncoding" /> to <paramref name="dstEncoding" />.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Examples
 The following example converts a Unicode-encoded string to an ASCII-encoded string. Because the ASCII encoding object returned by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.ASCII> property uses replacement fallback and the Pi character is not part of the ASCII character set, the Pi character is replaced with a question mark, as the output from the example shows.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/Overview/convert.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/Overview/convert.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="srcEncoding" /> is <see langword="null" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="dstEncoding" /> is <see langword="null" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 **srcEncoding.** <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 **dstEncoding.** <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
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        <Parameter Name="count" Type="System.Int32" />
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        <param name="srcEncoding">The encoding of the source array, <paramref name="bytes" />.</param>
        <param name="dstEncoding">The encoding of the output array.</param>
        <param name="bytes">The array of bytes to convert.</param>
        <param name="index">The index of the first element of <paramref name="bytes" /> to convert.</param>
        <param name="count">The number of bytes to convert.</param>
        <summary>Converts a range of bytes in a byte array from one encoding to another.</summary>
        <returns>An array of type <see cref="T:System.Byte" /> containing the result of converting a range of bytes in <paramref name="bytes" /> from <paramref name="srcEncoding" /> to <paramref name="dstEncoding" />.</returns>
        <remarks>To be added.</remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="srcEncoding" /> is <see langword="null" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="dstEncoding" /> is <see langword="null" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="index" /> and <paramref name="count" /> do not specify a valid range in the byte array.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

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        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 **dstEncoding.** <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
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        <Parameter Name="leaveOpen" Type="System.Boolean" Index="3" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-5.0;net-6.0;net-7.0;net-8.0;net-9.0" />
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        <param name="innerStream">The stream to wrap.</param>
        <param name="innerStreamEncoding">The encoding associated with <paramref name="innerStream" />.</param>
        <param name="outerStreamEncoding">The encoding associated with the <see cref="T:System.IO.Stream" /> that's returned by this method.</param>
        <param name="leaveOpen">
          <see langword="true" /> if disposing the <see cref="T:System.IO.Stream" /> returned by this method should <em>not</em> dispose <paramref name="innerStream" />.</param>
        <summary>Creates a <see cref="T:System.IO.Stream" /> that serves to transcode data between an inner <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> and an outer <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />, similar to <see cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.Convert(System.Text.Encoding,System.Text.Encoding,System.Byte[])" />.</summary>
        <returns>A stream that transcodes the contents of <paramref name="innerStream" /> as <paramref name="outerStreamEncoding" />.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks

The returned <xref:System.IO.Stream>'s <xref:System.IO.Stream.CanRead> and <xref:System.IO.Stream.CanWrite> properties will reflect whether `innerStream` is readable or writable. If `innerStream` is full-duplex, the returned <xref:System.IO.Stream> will be as well. However, the returned <xref:System.IO.Stream> is not seekable, even if `innerStream`'s <xref:System.IO.Stream.CanSeek> property returns `true`.

          ]]></format>
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        <ReturnType>System.Text.DecoderFallback</ReturnType>
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        <summary>Gets or sets the <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallback" /> object for the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> object.</summary>
        <value>The decoder fallback object for the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> object.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.DecoderFallback> object represents an error handler that is invoked when an encoded byte sequence cannot be decoded into a character. Any one of the following handler types is supported:

- A best-fit fallback handler, which replaces bytes that cannot be decoded with some suitable replacement character.

- A replacement fallback handler, which replaces bytes that cannot be decoded with some arbitrary replacement character. .NET includes one replacement fallback handler, <xref:System.Text.DecoderFallback>, which by default replaces bytes that cannot be decoded with a question mark ("?") character.

- An exception fallback handler, which throws an exception when bytes cannot be decoded. .NET includes one exception fallback handler, <xref:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback>, which throws a <xref:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException> when bytes cannot be decoded.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">The value in a set operation is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
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        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallback" />
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackBuffer" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
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        <summary>Gets the default encoding for this .NET implementation.</summary>
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        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks

The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.Default> property always returns a <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding> object. This behavior encourages the use of Unicode encodings for better cross-platform compatibility and data integrity.

For the most consistent results across different platforms and .NET implementations, consider using a specific Unicode encoding such as UTF-8 directly instead of relying on the default encoding. You can obtain UTF-8 encoding by calling <xref:System.Text.Encoding.UTF8?displayProperty=nameWithType> or <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.String)?displayProperty=nameWithType> with "utf-8".

> [!WARNING]
> Different computers can use different encodings as the default, and the default encoding can change on a single computer. If you use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.Default?displayProperty=nameWithType> encoding to encode and decode data streamed between computers or retrieved at different times on the same computer, it might translate that data incorrectly. In addition, the encoding returned by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.Default> property uses best-fit fallback to map unsupported characters to characters supported by the code page. For these reasons, using the default encoding is not recommended. To ensure that encoded bytes are decoded properly, you should use a Unicode encoding, such as <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding> or <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding>. You could also use a higher-level protocol to ensure that the same format is used for encoding and decoding.

The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.Default> property always returns the <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding>. UTF-8 is supported on all the operating systems (Windows, Linux, and macOS) on which .NET apps run.

          ]]></format>
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        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Text.EncoderFallback</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>Gets or sets the <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallback" /> object for the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> object.</summary>
        <value>The encoder fallback object for the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> object.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback> object represents an error handler that is invoked when a character cannot be converted into an encoded byte sequence. Any one of the following handler types is supported:

- A best-fit fallback handler, which replaces characters that cannot be encoded with some suitable replacement character.

- A replacement fallback handler, which replaces characters that cannot be encoded with some arbitrary replacement character. .NET includes one replacement fallback handler, <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback>, which by default replaces characters that cannot be encoded with a question mark ("?") character.

- An exception fallback handler, which throws an exception when characters cannot be encoded. .NET includes one exception fallback handler, <xref:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback>, which throws an <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException> when characters cannot be decoded.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">The value in a set operation is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.InvalidOperationException">A value cannot be assigned in a set operation because the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> object is read-only.</exception>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallback" />
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackBuffer" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="EncodingName">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual string EncodingName { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance string EncodingName" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable ReadOnly Property EncodingName As String" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.EncodingName : string" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual property System::String ^ EncodingName { System::String ^ get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets the human-readable description of the current encoding.</summary>
        <value>The human-readable description of the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName> property is intended for display. To find a name that can be passed to the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method, use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WebName> property.

## Examples
 The following example retrieves the different names for each encoding and displays the encodings with one or more names that are different from <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name*?displayProperty=nameWithType>. It displays <xref:System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName*> but does not compare against it.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BodyName/names.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BodyName/names.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.EncodingInfo.DisplayName" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.BodyName" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.HeaderName" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.WebName" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="Equals">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public override bool Equals (object? value);" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-5.0;net-6.0;net-7.0;net-8.0;net-9.0;netcore-3.0;netcore-3.1" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig virtual instance bool Equals(object value) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.Equals(System.Object)" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overrides Function Equals (value As Object) As Boolean" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="override this.Equals : obj -&gt; bool" Usage="encoding.Equals value" />
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        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
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      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="value" Type="System.Object">
          <Attributes>
            <Attribute FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-6.0;net-7.0;net-8.0;net-9.0">
              <AttributeName Language="C#">[System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.NotNullWhen(true)]</AttributeName>
              <AttributeName Language="F#">[&lt;System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.NotNullWhen(true)&gt;]</AttributeName>
            </Attribute>
          </Attributes>
        </Parameter>
      </Parameters>
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        <param name="value">The <see cref="T:System.Object" /> to compare with the current instance.</param>
        <summary>Determines whether the specified <see cref="T:System.Object" /> is equal to the current instance.</summary>
        <returns>
          <see langword="true" /> if <paramref name="value" /> is an instance of <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> and is equal to the current instance; otherwise, <see langword="false" />.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 Two instances of <xref:System.Text.Encoding> are considered equal if they correspond to the same code page and their `EncoderFallback` and `DecoderFallback` objects are equal. In particular, derived code pages all have a code page of 0 and their fallbacks are normally `null` (`Nothing` in Visual Basic .NET). Thus they are all considered equal to one another. One consequence is that when <xref:System.Text.Encoding.Equals*> is used to populate a hash table, all derived encodings compare equal and fall into the same hash table slot.

## Examples
 The following example gets two instances of the same encoding (one by codepage and another by name), and checks their equality.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/Equals/equals.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/Equals/equals.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="Overload:System.Text.Encoding.#ctor" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Object.Equals(System.Object)" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <MemberGroup MemberName="GetByteCount">
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of bytes produced by encoding a set of characters.</summary>
      </Docs>
    </MemberGroup>
    <Member MemberName="GetByteCount">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual int GetByteCount (char[] chars);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance int32 GetByteCount(char[] chars) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char[])" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable Function GetByteCount (chars As Char()) As Integer" />
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        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <ReturnType>System.Int32</ReturnType>
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        <Parameter Name="chars" Type="System.Char[]" />
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      <Docs>
        <param name="chars">The character array containing the characters to encode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of bytes produced by encoding all the characters in the specified character array.</summary>
        <returns>The number of bytes produced by encoding all the characters in the specified character array.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> to store the resulting bytes, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method generally executes faster.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used.

- If your app handles string inputs, you should use the string versions of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, you should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode a character array, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="chars" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount(System.Int32)" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
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    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetByteCount">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual int GetByteCount (ReadOnlySpan&lt;char&gt; chars);" />
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      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable Function GetByteCount (chars As ReadOnlySpan(Of Char)) As Integer" />
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        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
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      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Int32</ReturnType>
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      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="chars" Type="System.ReadOnlySpan&lt;System.Char&gt;" Index="0" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-5.0;net-6.0;net-7.0;net-8.0;net-9.0;netcore-2.1;netcore-2.2;netcore-3.0;netcore-3.1" />
      </Parameters>
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        <param name="chars">The span of characters to encode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of bytes produced by encoding the characters in the specified character span.</summary>
        <returns>The number of bytes produced by encoding the specified character span.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact span size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> to store the resulting bytes, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method. To calculate the maximum span size, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method generally executes faster.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used.

- If your app handles span of characters inputs, the span version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> is recommended.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output span buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
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      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual int GetByteCount(System::String ^ s);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      </AssemblyInfo>
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        <ReturnType>System.Int32</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="s" Type="System.String" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="s">The string containing the set of characters to encode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of bytes produced by encoding the characters in the specified string.</summary>
        <returns>The number of bytes produced by encoding the specified characters.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> to store the resulting bytes, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method generally executes faster.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used.

- If your app handles string inputs, the string version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> is recommended.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode a string or a range in the string, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_string.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_string.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="s" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount(System.Int32)" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetByteCount">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual int GetByteCount (char* chars, int count);" />
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        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <Attributes>
        <Attribute>
          <AttributeName Language="C#">[System.CLSCompliant(false)]</AttributeName>
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        </Attribute>
        <Attribute FrameworkAlternate="netcore-1.0;netcore-1.1;netcore-2.0">
          <AttributeName Language="C#">[System.Security.SecurityCritical]</AttributeName>
          <AttributeName Language="F#">[&lt;System.Security.SecurityCritical&gt;]</AttributeName>
        </Attribute>
      </Attributes>
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        <ReturnType>System.Int32</ReturnType>
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        <Parameter Name="chars" Type="System.Char*" />
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      <Docs>
        <param name="chars">A pointer to the first character to encode.</param>
        <param name="count">The number of characters to encode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of bytes produced by encoding a set of characters starting at the specified character pointer.</summary>
        <returns>The number of bytes produced by encoding the specified characters.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size that <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> requires to store the resulting bytes, you should call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method generally executes faster.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char%2A,System.Int32)> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some considerations for using these methods:

- Your app may need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used.

- If your app handles string inputs, you should use the string version of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="chars" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="count" /> is less than zero.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount(System.Int32)" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetByteCount">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public abstract int GetByteCount (char[] chars, int index, int count);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance int32 GetByteCount(char[] chars, int32 index, int32 count) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char[],System.Int32,System.Int32)" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public MustOverride Function GetByteCount (chars As Char(), index As Integer, count As Integer) As Integer" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="abstract member GetByteCount : char[] * int * int -&gt; int" Usage="encoding.GetByteCount (chars, index, count)" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; abstract int GetByteCount(cli::array &lt;char&gt; ^ chars, int index, int count);" />
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        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Int32</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="chars" Type="System.Char[]" />
        <Parameter Name="index" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="count" Type="System.Int32" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="chars">The character array containing the set of characters to encode.</param>
        <param name="index">The index of the first character to encode.</param>
        <param name="count">The number of characters to encode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of bytes produced by encoding a set of characters from the specified character array.</summary>
        <returns>The number of bytes produced by encoding the specified characters.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> to store the resulting bytes, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method generally executes faster.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used.

- If your app handles string inputs, the string version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> is recommended.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode three characters from a character array, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_chararric.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_chararric.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="chars" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="index" /> or <paramref name="count" /> is less than zero.

 -or-

 <paramref name="index" /> and <paramref name="count" /> do not denote a valid range in <paramref name="chars" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount(System.Int32)" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetByteCount">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public int GetByteCount (string s, int index, int count);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig instance int32 GetByteCount(string s, int32 index, int32 count) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.String,System.Int32,System.Int32)" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Function GetByteCount (s As String, index As Integer, count As Integer) As Integer" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.GetByteCount : string * int * int -&gt; int" Usage="encoding.GetByteCount (s, index, count)" />
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        <Parameter Name="s" Type="System.String" Index="0" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-5.0;net-6.0;net-7.0;net-8.0;net-9.0;netcore-2.0;netcore-2.1;netcore-2.2;netcore-3.0;netcore-3.1" />
        <Parameter Name="index" Type="System.Int32" Index="1" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-5.0;net-6.0;net-7.0;net-8.0;net-9.0;netcore-2.0;netcore-2.1;netcore-2.2;netcore-3.0;netcore-3.1" />
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        <param name="s">The string containing the set of characters to encode.</param>
        <param name="index">The index of the first character to encode.</param>
        <param name="count">The number of characters to encode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of bytes produced by encoding a set of characters from the specified string.</summary>
        <returns>The number of bytes produced by encoding the string.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> to store the resulting bytes, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method generally executes faster.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used.

- If your app handles string inputs, the string version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> is recommended.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode three characters from a character array, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_chararric.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_chararric.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <MemberGroup MemberName="GetBytes">
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, encodes a set of characters into a sequence of bytes.</summary>
      </Docs>
    </MemberGroup>
    <Member MemberName="GetBytes">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual byte[] GetBytes (char[] chars);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance unsigned int8[] GetBytes(char[] chars) cil managed" />
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      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Byte[]</ReturnType>
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      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="chars" Type="System.Char[]" />
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      <Docs>
        <param name="chars">The character array containing the characters to encode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, encodes all the characters in the specified character array into a sequence of bytes.</summary>
        <returns>A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used. (For example, a character sequence that includes surrogate pairs might end with a high surrogate. The <xref:System.Text.Encoder> will remember that high surrogate so that it can be combined with a low surrogate at the beginning of a following call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding> won't be able to maintain the state, so the character will be sent to the <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback>.)

- If your app handles string inputs, you should call the string version of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode a character array, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="chars" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
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        <param name="s">The string containing the characters to encode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, encodes all the characters in the specified string into a sequence of bytes.</summary>
        <returns>A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used. (For example, a character sequence that includes surrogate pairs might end with a high surrogate. The <xref:System.Text.Encoder> will remember that high surrogate so that it can be combined with a low surrogate at the beginning of a following call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding> won't be able to maintain the state, so the character will be sent to the <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback>.)

- If your app handles string inputs, you should use the string version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*>.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode a string or a range in the string, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_string.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_string.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
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        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char[])" />
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        <param name="chars">The span containing the set of characters to encode.</param>
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        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, encodes into a span of bytes a set of characters from the specified read-only span.</summary>
        <returns>The number of encoded bytes.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used. (For example, a character sequence that includes surrogate pairs might end with a high surrogate. The <xref:System.Text.Encoder> will remember that high surrogate so that it can be combined with a low surrogate at the beginning of a following call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding> won't be able to maintain the state, so the character will be sent to the <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback>.)

- If your app handles string inputs, you should use the string version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*>.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

 ]]></format>
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        <Parameter Name="chars" Type="System.Char[]" />
        <Parameter Name="index" Type="System.Int32" />
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        <param name="chars">The character array containing the set of characters to encode.</param>
        <param name="index">The index of the first character to encode.</param>
        <param name="count">The number of characters to encode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, encodes a set of characters from the specified character array into a sequence of bytes.</summary>
        <returns>A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used. (For example, a character sequence that includes surrogate pairs might end with a high surrogate. The <xref:System.Text.Encoder> will remember that high surrogate so that it can be combined with a low surrogate at the beginning of a following call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding> won't be able to maintain the state, so the character will be sent to the <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback>.)

- If your app handles string inputs, you should use the string version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*>.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode three characters from a character array, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_chararric.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_chararric.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
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          <paramref name="chars" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="index" /> or <paramref name="count" /> is less than zero.

 -or-

 <paramref name="index" /> and <paramref name="count" /> do not denote a valid range in <paramref name="chars" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char[])" />
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        <param name="s">The string containing the characters to encode.</param>
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        <returns>A byte array containing the results of encoding the specified set of characters.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used. (For example, a character sequence that includes surrogate pairs might end with a high surrogate. The <xref:System.Text.Encoder> will remember that high surrogate so that it can be combined with a low surrogate at the beginning of a following call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding> won't be able to maintain the state, so the character will be sent to the <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback>.)

- If your app handles string inputs, you should use the string version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*>.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode a string or a range in the string, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_string.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_string.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
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        </Attribute>
        <Attribute FrameworkAlternate="netcore-1.0;netcore-1.1;netcore-2.0">
          <AttributeName Language="C#">[System.Security.SecurityCritical]</AttributeName>
          <AttributeName Language="F#">[&lt;System.Security.SecurityCritical&gt;]</AttributeName>
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        <ReturnType>System.Int32</ReturnType>
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        <Parameter Name="chars" Type="System.Char*" />
        <Parameter Name="charCount" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="bytes" Type="System.Byte*" />
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        <param name="chars">A pointer to the first character to encode.</param>
        <param name="charCount">The number of characters to encode.</param>
        <param name="bytes">A pointer to the location at which to start writing the resulting sequence of bytes.</param>
        <param name="byteCount">The maximum number of bytes to write.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, encodes a set of characters starting at the specified character pointer into a sequence of bytes that are stored starting at the specified byte pointer.</summary>
        <returns>The actual number of bytes written at the location indicated by the <paramref name="bytes" /> parameter.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size that <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> requires to store the resulting bytes, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method generally executes faster.

 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used. (For example, a character sequence that includes surrogate pairs might end with a high surrogate. The <xref:System.Text.Encoder> will remember that high surrogate so that it can be combined with a low surrogate at the beginning of a following call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding> won't be able to maintain the state, so the character will be sent to the <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback>.)

- If your app handles string inputs, you should use the string version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*>.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="chars" /> is <see langword="null" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="charCount" /> or <paramref name="byteCount" /> is less than zero.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="byteCount" /> is less than the resulting number of bytes.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount(System.Int32)" />
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    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetBytes">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public abstract int GetBytes (char[] chars, int charIndex, int charCount, byte[] bytes, int byteIndex);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance int32 GetBytes(char[] chars, int32 charIndex, int32 charCount, unsigned int8[] bytes, int32 byteIndex) cil managed" />
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      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public MustOverride Function GetBytes (chars As Char(), charIndex As Integer, charCount As Integer, bytes As Byte(), byteIndex As Integer) As Integer" />
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        <Parameter Name="byteIndex" Type="System.Int32" />
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        <param name="chars">The character array containing the set of characters to encode.</param>
        <param name="charIndex">The index of the first character to encode.</param>
        <param name="charCount">The number of characters to encode.</param>
        <param name="bytes">The byte array to contain the resulting sequence of bytes.</param>
        <param name="byteIndex">The index at which to start writing the resulting sequence of bytes.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, encodes a set of characters from the specified character array into the specified byte array.</summary>
        <returns>The actual number of bytes written into <paramref name="bytes" />.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> to store the resulting bytes, you should call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method generally executes faster.

 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used. (For example, a character sequence that includes surrogate pairs might end with a high surrogate. The <xref:System.Text.Encoder> will remember that high surrogate so that it can be combined with a low surrogate at the beginning of a following call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding> won't be able to maintain the state, so the character will be sent to the <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback>.)

- If your app handles string inputs, you should use the string version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*>.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode three characters from a character array, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_chararric.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_chararric.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="chars" /> is <see langword="null" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="charIndex" /> or <paramref name="charCount" /> or <paramref name="byteIndex" /> is less than zero.

 -or-

 <paramref name="charIndex" /> and <paramref name="charCount" /> do not denote a valid range in <paramref name="chars" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="byteIndex" /> is not a valid index in <paramref name="bytes" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="bytes" /> does not have enough capacity from <paramref name="byteIndex" /> to the end of the array to accommodate the resulting bytes.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount(System.Int32)" />
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        <Parameter Name="charCount" Type="System.Int32" />
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        <Parameter Name="byteIndex" Type="System.Int32" />
      </Parameters>
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        <param name="s">The string containing the set of characters to encode.</param>
        <param name="charIndex">The index of the first character to encode.</param>
        <param name="charCount">The number of characters to encode.</param>
        <param name="bytes">The byte array to contain the resulting sequence of bytes.</param>
        <param name="byteIndex">The index at which to start writing the resulting sequence of bytes.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, encodes a set of characters from the specified string into the specified byte array.</summary>
        <returns>The actual number of bytes written into <paramref name="bytes" />.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> to store the resulting bytes, you should call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method generally executes faster.

 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method determines how many bytes result in encoding a set of Unicode characters, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method performs the actual encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple conversions on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to encode many input characters to a code page and process the characters using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, taking into account the state that is persisted by the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object being used. (For example, a character sequence that includes surrogate pairs might end with a high surrogate. The <xref:System.Text.Encoder> will remember that high surrogate so that it can be combined with a low surrogate at the beginning of a following call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding> won't be able to maintain the state, so the character will be sent to the <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback>.)

- If your app handles string inputs, you should use the string version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*>.

- The Unicode character buffer version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char%2A,System.Int32,System.Byte%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object or inserting into existing buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> version that supports byte arrays is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible, and does throw an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous encoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode a string or a range in the string, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_string.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetByteCount/getbytes_string.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="s" /> is <see langword="null" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="charIndex" /> or <paramref name="charCount" /> or <paramref name="byteIndex" /> is less than zero.

 -or-

 <paramref name="charIndex" /> and <paramref name="charCount" /> do not denote a valid range in <paramref name="s" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="byteIndex" /> is not a valid index in <paramref name="bytes" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="bytes" /> does not have enough capacity from <paramref name="byteIndex" /> to the end of the array to accommodate the resulting bytes.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount(System.Int32)" />
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      </AssemblyInfo>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of characters produced by decoding a sequence of bytes.</summary>
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        <param name="bytes">The byte array containing the sequence of bytes to decode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of characters produced by decoding all the bytes in the specified byte array.</summary>
        <returns>The number of characters produced by decoding the specified sequence of bytes.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[])> to store the resulting characters, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount(System.Byte[])> method. To calculate the maximum array size, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount(System.Int32)> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount(System.Byte[])> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method generally executes faster.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount(System.Byte[])> method determines how many characters result in decoding a sequence of bytes, and the  <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[])> method performs the actual decoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple passes on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to decode multiple input bytes from a code page and process the bytes using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls.

- If your app handles string outputs, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method. Since this method must check string length and allocate a buffer, it is slightly slower, but the resulting <xref:System.String> type is to be preferred.

- The byte version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte%2A,System.Int32,System.Char%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls to large buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)> version that supports output character buffers is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible and throws an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous decoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example encodes a string into an array of bytes, and then decodes the bytes into an array of characters.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getchars.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getchars.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="Overload:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount(System.Int32)" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder" />
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        <param name="bytes">A read-only byte span to decode.</param>
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        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size that <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> requires to store the resulting characters, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method generally executes faster.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method determines how many characters result in decoding a sequence of bytes, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method performs the actual decoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple passes on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to decode multiple input bytes from a code page and process the bytes using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls.

- If your app handles string outputs, it is recommended to use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method. Since this method must check string length and allocate a buffer, it is slightly slower, but the resulting <xref:System.String> type is to be preferred.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)> version that supports output character buffers is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible and throws an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous decoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

 ]]></format>
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        </Attribute>
        <Attribute FrameworkAlternate="netcore-1.0;netcore-1.1;netcore-2.0">
          <AttributeName Language="C#">[System.Security.SecurityCritical]</AttributeName>
          <AttributeName Language="F#">[&lt;System.Security.SecurityCritical&gt;]</AttributeName>
        </Attribute>
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      <Docs>
        <param name="bytes">A pointer to the first byte to decode.</param>
        <param name="count">The number of bytes to decode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of characters produced by decoding a sequence of bytes starting at the specified byte pointer.</summary>
        <returns>The number of characters produced by decoding the specified sequence of bytes.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size that <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> requires to store the resulting characters, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method generally executes faster.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method determines how many characters result in decoding a sequence of bytes, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method performs the actual decoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple passes on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to decode multiple input bytes from a code page and process the bytes using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls.

- If your app handles string outputs, it is recommended to use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method. Since this method must check string length and allocate a buffer, it is slightly slower, but the resulting <xref:System.String> type is to be preferred.

- The byte version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte%2A,System.Int32,System.Char%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls to large buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)> version that supports output character buffers is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible and throws an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous decoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
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          <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
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          <paramref name="count" /> is less than zero.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="Overload:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars" />
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        <param name="bytes">The byte array containing the sequence of bytes to decode.</param>
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        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the number of characters produced by decoding a sequence of bytes from the specified byte array.</summary>
        <returns>The number of characters produced by decoding the specified sequence of bytes.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> to store the resulting characters, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method generally executes faster.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method determines how many characters result in decoding a sequence of bytes, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method performs the actual decoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple passes on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to decode multiple input bytes from a code page and process the bytes using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls.

- If your app handles string outputs, it is recommended to use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method. Since this method must check string length and allocate a buffer, it is slightly slower, but the resulting <xref:System.String> type is to be preferred.

- The byte version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte%2A,System.Int32,System.Char%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls to large buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)> version that supports output character buffers is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible and throws an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous decoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example converts a string from one encoding to another.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/Overview/convert.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/Overview/convert.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 The following example encodes a string into an array of bytes, and then decodes a range of the bytes into an array of characters.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getcharsic.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getcharsic.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="index" /> or <paramref name="count" /> is less than zero.

 -or-

 <paramref name="index" /> and <paramref name="count" /> do not denote a valid range in <paramref name="bytes" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="Overload:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount(System.Int32)" />
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        <param name="bytes">The byte array containing the sequence of bytes to decode.</param>
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        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> gets characters from an input byte sequence. <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> is different than <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> because <xref:System.Text.Encoding> expects discrete conversions, while <xref:System.Text.Decoder> is designed for multiple passes on a single input stream.

 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 > [!NOTE]
 > This method is intended to operate on Unicode characters, not on arbitrary binary data, such as byte arrays. If you need to encode arbitrary binary data into text, you should use a protocol such as uuencode, which is implemented by methods such as <xref:System.Convert.ToBase64CharArray*?displayProperty=nameWithType>.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method determines how many characters result in decoding a sequence of bytes, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method performs the actual decoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple passes on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to decode multiple input bytes from a code page and process the bytes using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, because byte sequences can be interrupted when processed in batches. (For example, part of an ISO-2022 shift sequence may end one <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call and continue at the beginning of the next <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> will call the fallback for those incomplete sequences, but <xref:System.Text.Decoder> will remember those sequences for the next call.)

- If your app handles string outputs, it is recommended to use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method. Since this method must check string length and allocate a buffer, it is slightly slower, but the resulting <xref:System.String> type is to be preferred.

- The byte version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte%2A,System.Int32,System.Char%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls to large buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)> version that supports output character buffers is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible and throws an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous decoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example encodes a string into an array of bytes, and then decodes the bytes into an array of characters.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getchars.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getchars.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
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        <param name="bytes">A read-only span containing the sequence of bytes to decode.</param>
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        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> gets characters from an input byte span. <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> is different than <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> because <xref:System.Text.Encoding> expects discrete conversions, while <xref:System.Text.Decoder> is designed for multiple passes on a single input stream.

 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method determines how many characters result in decoding a sequence of bytes, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method performs the actual decoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple passes on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to decode multiple input bytes from a code page and process the bytes using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, because byte sequences can be interrupted when processed in batches. (For example, part of an ISO-2022 shift sequence may end one <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call and continue at the beginning of the next <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> will call the fallback for those incomplete sequences, but <xref:System.Text.Decoder> will remember those sequences for the next call.)

- If your app handles string outputs, it is recommended to use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method. Since this method must check string length and allocate a buffer, it is slightly slower, but the resulting <xref:System.String> type is to be preferred.

- The byte version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte%2A,System.Int32,System.Char%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls to large buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)> version that supports output character buffers is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible and throws an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous decoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

 ]]></format>
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        <param name="bytes">The byte array containing the sequence of bytes to decode.</param>
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        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> gets characters from an input byte sequence. <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> is different than <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> because <xref:System.Text.Encoding> expects discrete conversions, while <xref:System.Text.Decoder> is designed for multiple passes on a single input stream.

 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 > [!NOTE]
 > This method is intended to operate on Unicode characters, not on arbitrary binary data, such as byte arrays. If you need to encode arbitrary binary data into text, you should use a protocol such as uuencode, which is implemented by methods such as <xref:System.Convert.ToBase64CharArray*?displayProperty=nameWithType>.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method determines how many characters result in decoding a sequence of bytes, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method performs the actual decoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple passes on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to decode multiple input bytes from a code page and process the bytes using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, because byte sequences can be interrupted when processed in batches. (For example, part of an ISO-2022 shift sequence may end one <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call and continue at the beginning of the next <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> will call the fallback for those incomplete sequences, but <xref:System.Text.Decoder> will remember those sequences for the next call.)

- If your app handles string outputs, it is recommended to use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method. Since this method must check string length and allocate a buffer, it is slightly slower, but the resulting <xref:System.String> type is to be preferred.

- The byte version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte%2A,System.Int32,System.Char%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls to large buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)> version that supports output character buffers is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible and throws an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous decoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example encodes a string into an array of bytes, and then decodes a range of the bytes into an array of characters.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getcharsic.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getcharsic.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
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          <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="index" /> or <paramref name="count" /> is less than zero.

 -or-

 <paramref name="index" /> and <paramref name="count" /> do not denote a valid range in <paramref name="bytes" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
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        <param name="bytes">A pointer to the first byte to decode.</param>
        <param name="byteCount">The number of bytes to decode.</param>
        <param name="chars">A pointer to the location at which to start writing the resulting set of characters.</param>
        <param name="charCount">The maximum number of characters to write.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, decodes a sequence of bytes starting at the specified byte pointer into a set of characters that are stored starting at the specified character pointer.</summary>
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        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size that <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> requires to store the resulting characters, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method generally executes faster.

 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> gets characters from an input byte sequence. <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> is different than <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> because <xref:System.Text.Encoding> expects discrete conversions, while <xref:System.Text.Decoder> is designed for multiple passes on a single input stream.

 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> object provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 > [!NOTE]
 > This method is intended to operate on Unicode characters, not on arbitrary binary data, such as byte arrays. If you need to encode arbitrary binary data into text, you should use a protocol such as uuencode, which is implemented by methods such as <xref:System.Convert.ToBase64CharArray*?displayProperty=nameWithType>.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method determines how many characters result in decoding a sequence of bytes, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method performs the actual decoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple passes on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to decode multiple input bytes from a code page and process the bytes using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, because byte sequences can be interrupted when processed in batches. (For example, part of an ISO-2022 shift sequence may end one <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call and continue at the beginning of the next <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> will call the fallback for those incomplete sequences, but <xref:System.Text.Decoder> will remember those sequences for the next call.)

- If your app handles string outputs, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method is recommended. Since this method must check string length and allocate a buffer, it is slightly slower, but the resulting <xref:System.String> type is to be preferred.

- The byte version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte%2A,System.Int32,System.Char%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls to large buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)> version that supports output character buffers is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible and throws an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous decoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
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 -or-

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          <paramref name="byteCount" /> or <paramref name="charCount" /> is less than zero.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="charCount" /> is less than the resulting number of characters.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

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        <param name="byteIndex">The index of the first byte to decode.</param>
        <param name="byteCount">The number of bytes to decode.</param>
        <param name="chars">The character array to contain the resulting set of characters.</param>
        <param name="charIndex">The index at which to start writing the resulting set of characters.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, decodes a sequence of bytes from the specified byte array into the specified character array.</summary>
        <returns>The actual number of characters written into <paramref name="chars" />.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> to store the resulting characters, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method generally executes faster.

 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)> gets characters from an input byte sequence. <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> is different than <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> because <xref:System.Text.Encoding> expects discrete conversions, while <xref:System.Text.Decoder> is designed for multiple passes on a single input stream.

 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 > [!NOTE]
 > This method is intended to operate on Unicode characters, not on arbitrary binary data, such as byte arrays. If you need to encode arbitrary binary data into text, you should use a protocol such as uuencode, which is implemented by methods such as <xref:System.Convert.ToBase64CharArray*?displayProperty=nameWithType>.

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method determines how many characters result in decoding a sequence of bytes, and the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method performs the actual decoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method expects discrete conversions, in contrast to the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, which handles multiple passes on a single input stream.

 Several versions of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> are supported. The following are some programming considerations for use of these methods:

- Your app might need to decode multiple input bytes from a code page and process the bytes using multiple calls. In this case, you probably need to maintain state between calls, because byte sequences can be interrupted when processed in batches. (For example, part of an ISO-2022 shift sequence may end one <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call and continue at the beginning of the next <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> call. <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> will call the fallback for those incomplete sequences, but <xref:System.Text.Decoder> will remember those sequences for the next call.)

- If your app handles string outputs, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method is recommended. Since this method must check string length and allocate a buffer, it is slightly slower, but the resulting <xref:System.String> type is to be preferred.

- The byte version of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte%2A,System.Int32,System.Char%2A,System.Int32)> allows some fast techniques, particularly with multiple calls to large buffers. Bear in mind, however, that this method version is sometimes unsafe, since pointers are required.

- If your app must convert a large amount of data, it should reuse the output buffer. In this case, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)> version that supports output character buffers is the best choice.

- Consider using the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*>. The conversion method converts as much data as possible and throws an exception if the output buffer is too small. For continuous decoding of a stream, this method is often the best choice.

## Examples
 The following example converts a string from one encoding to another.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/Overview/convert.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/Overview/convert.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 The following example encodes a string into an array of bytes, and then decodes a range of the bytes into an array of characters.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getcharsic.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getcharsic.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="chars" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="byteIndex" /> or <paramref name="byteCount" /> or <paramref name="charIndex" /> is less than zero.

 -or-

 <paramref name="byteIndex" /> and <paramref name="byteCount" /> do not denote a valid range in <paramref name="bytes" />.

 -or-

 <paramref name="charIndex" /> is not a valid index in <paramref name="chars" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="chars" /> does not have enough capacity from <paramref name="charIndex" /> to the end of the array to accommodate the resulting characters.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount(System.Int32)" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetString(System.Byte[])" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetDecoder">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual System.Text.Decoder GetDecoder ();" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance class System.Text.Decoder GetDecoder() cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable Function GetDecoder () As Decoder" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="abstract member GetDecoder : unit -&gt; System.Text.Decoder&#xA;override this.GetDecoder : unit -&gt; System.Text.Decoder" Usage="encoding.GetDecoder " />
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
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        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Text.Decoder</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters />
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, obtains a decoder that converts an encoded sequence of bytes into a sequence of characters.</summary>
        <returns>A <see cref="T:System.Text.Decoder" /> that converts an encoded sequence of bytes into a sequence of characters.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method converts sequential blocks of bytes into sequential blocks of characters, in a manner similar to the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> method of this class. However, a <xref:System.Text.Decoder> maintains state information between calls so it correctly decodes byte sequences that span blocks. The <xref:System.Text.Decoder> also preserves trailing bytes at the end of data blocks and uses the trailing bytes in the next decoding operation. Therefore, <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> are useful for network transmission and file operations, because those operations often deal with blocks of data instead of a complete data stream.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <block subset="none" type="overrides">
          <para>The default implementation returns a <see cref="T:System.Text.Decoder" /> that calls the <see cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount(System.Byte[])" /> and <see cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[])" /> methods of the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />. You must override this method to return a <see cref="T:System.Text.Decoder" /> that maintains its state between calls.</para>
        </block>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.Decoder" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetString(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetEncoder">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual System.Text.Encoder GetEncoder ();" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance class System.Text.Encoder GetEncoder() cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable Function GetEncoder () As Encoder" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="abstract member GetEncoder : unit -&gt; System.Text.Encoder&#xA;override this.GetEncoder : unit -&gt; System.Text.Encoder" Usage="encoding.GetEncoder " />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual System::Text::Encoder ^ GetEncoder();" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoder</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters />
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, obtains an encoder that converts a sequence of Unicode characters into an encoded sequence of bytes.</summary>
        <returns>A <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoder" /> that converts a sequence of Unicode characters into an encoded sequence of bytes.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.Encoder.GetBytes*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method converts sequential blocks of characters into sequential blocks of bytes, in a manner similar to the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> method of this class. However, a <xref:System.Text.Encoder> maintains state information between calls so it correctly encodes character sequences that span blocks. The <xref:System.Text.Encoder> also preserves trailing characters at the end of data blocks and uses the trailing characters in the next encoding operation. For example, a data block might end with an unmatched high surrogate, and the matching low surrogate might be in the next data block. Therefore, <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> and <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> are useful for network transmission and file operations, because those operations often deal with blocks of data instead of a complete data stream.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <block subset="none" type="overrides">
          <para>The default implementation returns a <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoder" /> that calls the <see cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char[])" /> and <see cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char[])" /> methods of the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />. You must override this method to return a <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoder" /> that maintains its state between calls.</para>
        </block>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.Encoder" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <MemberGroup MemberName="GetEncoding">
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <Docs>
        <summary>Returns an encoding for the specified code page.</summary>
      </Docs>
    </MemberGroup>
    <Member MemberName="GetEncoding">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static System.Text.Encoding GetEncoding (int codepage);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public static hidebysig class System.Text.Encoding GetEncoding(int32 codepage) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Shared Function GetEncoding (codepage As Integer) As Encoding" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="static member GetEncoding : int -&gt; System.Text.Encoding" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding codepage" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; static System::Text::Encoding ^ GetEncoding(int codepage);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoding</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="codepage" Type="System.Int32" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="codepage">The code page identifier of the preferred encoding. For a list of possible values, see <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />.

 -or-

 0 (zero), to use the default encoding.</param>
        <summary>Returns the encoding associated with the specified code page identifier.</summary>
        <returns>The encoding that is associated with the specified code page.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The fallback handler depends on the encoding type of `codepage`. If `codepage` is a code page or double-byte character set (DBCS) encoding, a best-fit fallback handler is used. Otherwise, a replacement fallback handler is used. These fallback handlers may not be appropriate for your app. To specify the fallback handler used by the encoding specified by `codepage`, you can call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32,System.Text.EncoderFallback,System.Text.DecoderFallback)> overload.

In modern .NET, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method returns the encodings natively supported by .NET. You can call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings*> method to get an array of <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo> objects that contains information about all available encodings.

 In addition to the encodings that are natively available, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method returns any additional encodings that are made available by registering an <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider> object. If the same encoding has been registered by multiple <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider> objects, this method returns the last one registered.

You can also supply a value of 0 for the `codepage` argument. The behavior depends on the encoding configuration of the application:

- **No encoding provider registered**: Returns a <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding>, same as <xref:System.Text.Encoding.Default?displayProperty=nameWithType>.
- **<xref:System.Text.CodePagesEncodingProvider> registered**:
  - On **Windows**, returns the encoding that matches the system's active code page.
  - On **non-Windows platforms**, always returns a <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding>.
- **A different provider registered**: The behavior is determined by that provider. Consult its documentation for details. If multiple providers are registered, the method returns the encoding from the last registered provider that handles a `codepage` argument of 0.

> [!NOTE]
> - Some unsupported code pages cause an <xref:System.ArgumentException> to be thrown, whereas others cause a <xref:System.NotSupportedException>. Therefore, your code must catch all exceptions indicated in the Exceptions section.
> - The code page identifier `65000`, which represents UTF-7, is not supported.

> [!NOTE]
> The ANSI code pages can be different on different computers and can change on a single computer, leading to data corruption. For this reason, if the active code page is an ANSI code page, encoding and decoding data using the default code page returned by `Encoding.GetEncoding(0)` is not recommended. For the most consistent results, you should use a Unicode encoding, such as UTF-8 (code page 65001) or UTF-16, instead of a specific code page.

 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> returns a cached instance with default settings. You should use the constructors of derived classes to get an instance with different settings. For example, the <xref:System.Text.UTF32Encoding> class provides a constructor that lets you enable error detection.

## Examples
 The following example gets two instances of the same encoding (one by code page and another by name), and checks their equality.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/Equals/equals.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/Equals/equals.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="codepage" /> is less than zero or greater than 65535.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="codepage" /> is not supported by the underlying platform.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.NotSupportedException">
          <paramref name="codepage" /> is not supported by the underlying platform.</exception>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.CodePage" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" />
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallback" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetEncoding">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static System.Text.Encoding GetEncoding (string name);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public static hidebysig class System.Text.Encoding GetEncoding(string name) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.String)" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Shared Function GetEncoding (name As String) As Encoding" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="static member GetEncoding : string -&gt; System.Text.Encoding" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding name" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; static System::Text::Encoding ^ GetEncoding(System::String ^ name);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoding</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="name" Type="System.String" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="name">The code page name of the preferred encoding. Any value returned by the <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.WebName" /> property is valid. For a list of possible values, see <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />.</param>
        <summary>Returns the encoding associated with the specified code page name.</summary>
        <returns>The encoding associated with the specified code page.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The fallback handler depends on the encoding type of `name`. If `name` is a code page or double-byte character set (DBCS) encoding, a best-fit fallback handler is used. Otherwise, a replacement fallback handler is used. These fallback handlers may not be appropriate for your app. To specify the fallback handler used by the encoding specified by `name`, you can call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.String,System.Text.EncoderFallback,System.Text.DecoderFallback)> overload.

The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method returns the encodings natively supported by .NET. You can call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings*> method to get an array of <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo> objects that contains information about all available encodings.

 In addition to the encodings that are natively available on .NET, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method returns any additional encodings that are made available by registering an <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider> object. If the same encoding has been registered by multiple <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider> objects, this method returns the last one registered.

The code page name `utf-7` is not supported.

> [!NOTE]
> The ANSI code pages can be different on different computers, or they can be changed for a single computer, leading to data corruption. For the most consistent results, use Unicode, such as UTF-8 (code page 65001) or UTF-16, instead of a specific code page.

 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> returns a cached instance with default settings. You should use the constructors of derived classes to get an instance with different settings. For example, the <xref:System.Text.UTF32Encoding> class provides a constructor that lets you enable error detection.

## Examples
 The following example gets two instances of the same encoding (one by code page and another by name), and checks their equality.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/Equals/equals.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/Equals/equals.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="name" /> is not a valid code page name.

 -or-

 The code page indicated by <paramref name="name" /> is not supported by the underlying platform.</exception>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" />
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallback" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetEncoding">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static System.Text.Encoding GetEncoding (int codepage, System.Text.EncoderFallback encoderFallback, System.Text.DecoderFallback decoderFallback);" />
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        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoding</ReturnType>
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      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="codepage" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="encoderFallback" Type="System.Text.EncoderFallback" />
        <Parameter Name="decoderFallback" Type="System.Text.DecoderFallback" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="codepage">The code page identifier of the preferred encoding. For a list of possible values, see <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />.

 -or-

 0 (zero), to use the default encoding.</param>
        <param name="encoderFallback">An object that provides an error-handling procedure when a character cannot be encoded with the current encoding.</param>
        <param name="decoderFallback">An object that provides an error-handling procedure when a byte sequence cannot be decoded with the current encoding.</param>
        <summary>Returns the encoding associated with the specified code page identifier. Parameters specify an error handler for characters that cannot be encoded and byte sequences that cannot be decoded.</summary>
        <returns>The encoding that is associated with the specified code page.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks

> [!NOTE]
> - Some unsupported code pages cause the exception <xref:System.ArgumentException> to be thrown, whereas others cause <xref:System.NotSupportedException>. Therefore, your code must catch all exceptions indicated in the Exceptions section.
> - In .NET 5 and later versions, the code page identifier `65000`, which represents UTF-7, is not supported.

The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method returns the encodings natively supported by .NET. You can call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings*> method to get an array of <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo> objects that contains information about all available encodings.

 In addition to the encodings that are natively available on .NET, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method returns any additional encodings that are made available by registering an <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider> object. If the same encoding has been registered by multiple <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider> objects, this method returns the last one registered.

You can also supply a value of 0 for the `codepage` argument. The behavior depends on the encoding configuration of the application:

- **No encoding provider registered**: Returns a <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding>, same as <xref:System.Text.Encoding.Default?displayProperty=nameWithType>.
- **<xref:System.Text.CodePagesEncodingProvider> registered**:
  - On **Windows**, returns the encoding that matches the system's active code page.
  - On **non-Windows platforms**, always returns a <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding>.
- **A different provider registered**: The behavior is determined by that provider. Consult its documentation for details. If multiple providers are registered, the method returns the encoding from the last registered provider that handles a `codepage` argument of 0.

> [!NOTE]
> The ANSI code pages can be different on different computers and can change on a single computer, leading to data corruption. For this reason, if the active code page is an ANSI code page, encoding and decoding data using the default code page returned by `Encoding.GetEncoding(0)` is not recommended. For the most consistent results, you should use Unicode, such as UTF-8 (code page 65001) or UTF-16, instead of a specific code page.

 To get the encoding associated with the active code page, supply a value of 0 for the `codepage` argument.

 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> returns a cached instance with default settings. You should use the constructors of derived classes to get an instance with different settings. For example, the <xref:System.Text.UTF32Encoding> class provides a constructor that lets you enable error detection.

## Examples
 The following example demonstrates the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.String,System.Text.EncoderFallback,System.Text.DecoderFallback)?displayProperty=nameWithType> method.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/EncoderReplacementFallback/Overview/fallEncRpl.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/EncoderReplacementFallback/Overview/fallEncRpl.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="codepage" /> is less than zero or greater than 65535.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="codepage" /> is not supported by the underlying platform.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.NotSupportedException">
          <paramref name="codepage" /> is not supported by the underlying platform.</exception>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.CodePage" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" />
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallback" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
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        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoding</ReturnType>
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      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="name" Type="System.String" />
        <Parameter Name="encoderFallback" Type="System.Text.EncoderFallback" />
        <Parameter Name="decoderFallback" Type="System.Text.DecoderFallback" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="name">The code page name of the preferred encoding. Any value returned by the <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.WebName" /> property is valid. Possible values are listed in the Name column of the table that appears in the <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> class topic.</param>
        <param name="encoderFallback">An object that provides an error-handling procedure when a character cannot be encoded with the current encoding.</param>
        <param name="decoderFallback">An object that provides an error-handling procedure when a byte sequence cannot be decoded with the current encoding.</param>
        <summary>Returns the encoding associated with the specified code page name. Parameters specify an error handler for characters that cannot be encoded and byte sequences that cannot be decoded.</summary>
        <returns>The encoding that is associated with the specified code page.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks

The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method returns the encodings natively supported by .NET. You can call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings*> method to get an array of <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo> objects that contains information about all available encodings.

 In addition to the encodings that are natively available on .NET, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method returns any additional encodings that are made available by registering an <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider> object. If the same encoding has been registered by multiple <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider> objects, this method returns the last one registered.

The code page name `utf-7` is not supported.

> [!NOTE]
> The ANSI code pages can be different on different computers and can change on a single computer, leading to data corruption. For the most consistent results, you should use a Unicode encoding, such as UTF-8 (code page 65001) or UTF-16, instead of a specific code page.

 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> returns a cached instance with default settings. You should use the constructors of derived classes to get an instance with different settings. For example, the <xref:System.Text.UTF32Encoding> class provides a constructor that lets you enable error detection.

## Examples
 The following example demonstrates the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.String,System.Text.EncoderFallback,System.Text.DecoderFallback)?displayProperty=nameWithType> method.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/EncoderReplacementFallback/Overview/fallEncRpl.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/EncoderReplacementFallback/Overview/fallEncRpl.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">
          <paramref name="name" /> is not a valid code page name.

 -or-

 The code page indicated by <paramref name="name" /> is not supported by the underlying platform.</exception>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" />
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallback" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
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      <Docs>
        <summary>Returns an array that contains all encodings.</summary>
        <returns>An array that contains all encodings.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 This method returns a list of supported encodings, uniquely distinguished by code page. For a table that lists the supported encodings, see <xref:System.Text.Encoding>.

> [!NOTE]
> The list of supported encodings that <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings*> returns includes any additional encodings made available by any <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider> implementations that were registered by calling <xref:System.Text.Encoding.RegisterProvider*>.

 To get a specific encoding, use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method.

 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings*> is sometimes used to present the user with a list of encodings in a File **Save as** dialog box. However, many non-Unicode encodings are either incomplete and translate many characters to "?", or have subtly different behavior on different platforms. Consider using UTF-8 or UTF-16 as the default.

## Examples
 The following example checks the values of the Boolean properties of each encoding.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
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        <returns>The hash code for the current instance.</returns>
        <remarks>To be added.</remarks>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Object.GetHashCode" />
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        <param name="charCount">The number of characters to encode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the maximum number of bytes produced by encoding the specified number of characters.</summary>
        <returns>The maximum number of bytes produced by encoding the specified number of characters.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The `charCount` parameter actually specifies the number of <xref:System.Char> objects that represent the Unicode characters to encode, because .NET internally uses UTF-16 to represent Unicode characters. Consequently, most Unicode characters can be represented by one <xref:System.Char> object, but a Unicode character represented by a surrogate pair, for example, requires two <xref:System.Char> objects.

 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*> to store the resulting bytes, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> method generally executes faster.

 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> retrieves a worst-case number, including the worst case for the currently selected <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallback>. If a fallback is chosen with a potentially large string, <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> retrieves large values, particularly in cases where the worst case for the encoding involves switching modes for every character. For example, this can happen for ISO-2022-JP. For more information, see the blog post [What's with Encoding.GetMaxByteCount() and Encoding.GetMaxCharCount()?](https://learn.microsoft.com/archive/blogs/shawnste/whats-with-encoding-getmaxbytecount-and-encoding-getmaxcharcount).

 In most cases, this method retrieves reasonable values for small strings. For large strings, you might have to choose between using very large buffers and catching errors in the rare case when a more reasonable buffer is too small. You might also want to consider a different approach using <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount*> or <xref:System.Text.Encoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType>.

 When using <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*>, you should allocate the output buffer based on the maximum size of the input buffer. If the output buffer is constrained in size, you might use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.Convert*> method.

 Note that <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*> considers potential leftover surrogates from a previous decoder operation. Because of the decoder, passing a value of 1 to the method retrieves 2 for a single-byte encoding, such as ASCII. You should use the <xref:System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.IsSingleByte> property if this information is necessary.

> [!NOTE]
> `GetMaxByteCount(N)` is not necessarily the same value as `N* GetMaxByteCount(1)`.

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode a character array, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="charCount" /> is less than zero.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.EncoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <block subset="none" type="overrides">
          <para>All <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> implementations must guarantee that no buffer overflow exceptions occur if buffers are sized according to the results of this method's calculations.</para>
        </block>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetByteCount(System.Char[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder" />
      </Docs>
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        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Int32</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="byteCount" Type="System.Int32" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="byteCount">The number of bytes to decode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, calculates the maximum number of characters produced by decoding the specified number of bytes.</summary>
        <returns>The maximum number of characters produced by decoding the specified number of bytes.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 To calculate the exact array size required by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*> to store the resulting characters, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method. To calculate the maximum array size, use the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> method generally allows allocation of less memory, while the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> method generally executes faster.

 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> retrieves a worst-case number, including the worst case for the currently selected <xref:System.Text.DecoderFallback>. If a fallback is chosen with a potentially large string, <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> retrieves large values.

 In most cases, this method retrieves reasonable numbers for small strings. For large strings, you might have to choose between using very large buffers and catching errors in the rare case that a more reasonable buffer is too small. You might also want to consider a different approach using <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount*> or <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType>.

 <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> has no relation to <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*>. If you needs a similar function to use with <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetBytes*>, you should use <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxByteCount*>.

 When using <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*>, you should allocate the output buffer based on the maximum size of the input buffer. If the output buffer is constrained in size, you might use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.Convert*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method.

 Note that <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount*> considers the worst case for leftover bytes from a previous encoder operation. For most code pages, passing a value of 0 to this method retrieves values greater than or equal to 1.

> [!NOTE]
> `GetMaxCharCount(N)` is not necessarily the same value as `N* GetMaxCharCount(1)`.

## Examples
 The following example encodes a string into an array of bytes, and then decodes the bytes into an array of characters.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getchars.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetCharCount/getchars.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="byteCount" /> is less than zero.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <block subset="none" type="overrides">
          <para>All <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> implementations must guarantee that no buffer overflow exceptions occur if buffers are sized according to the results of this method's calculations.</para>
        </block>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetString(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetPreamble">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual byte[] GetPreamble ();" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance unsigned int8[] GetPreamble() cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetPreamble" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable Function GetPreamble () As Byte()" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="abstract member GetPreamble : unit -&gt; byte[]&#xA;override this.GetPreamble : unit -&gt; byte[]" Usage="encoding.GetPreamble " />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual cli::array &lt;System::Byte&gt; ^ GetPreamble();" />
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        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Byte[]</ReturnType>
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      <Parameters />
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, returns a sequence of bytes that specifies the encoding used.</summary>
        <returns>A byte array containing a sequence of bytes that specifies the encoding used.

 -or-

 A byte array of length zero, if a preamble is not required.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 Optionally, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding> object provides a preamble that is an array of bytes that can be prefixed to the sequence of bytes resulting from the encoding process. If the preamble contains a byte order mark (in Unicode, code point U+FEFF), it helps the decoder determine the byte order and the transformation format or UTF.

 The Unicode byte order mark (BOM) is serialized as follows (in hexadecimal):

- UTF-8: EF BB BF

- UTF-16 big endian byte order: FE FF

- UTF-16 little endian byte order: FF FE

- UTF-32 big endian byte order: 00 00 FE FF

- UTF-32 little endian byte order: FF FE 00 00

 You should use the BOM, because it provides nearly certain identification of an encoding for files that otherwise have lost reference to the <xref:System.Text.Encoding> object, for example, untagged or improperly tagged web data or random text files stored when a business did not have international concerns or other data. Often user problems might be avoided if data is consistently and properly tagged, preferably in UTF-8 or UTF-16.

 For standards that provide an encoding type, a BOM is somewhat redundant. However, it can be used to help a server send the correct encoding header. Alternatively, it can be used as a fallback in case the encoding is otherwise lost.

 There are some disadvantages to using a BOM. For example, knowing how to limit the database fields that use a BOM can be difficult. Concatenation of files can be a problem also, for example, when files are merged in such a way that an unnecessary character can end up in the middle of data. In spite of the few disadvantages, however, the use of a BOM is highly recommended.

 For more information on byte order and the byte order mark, see The Unicode Standard at the [Unicode home page](https://home.unicode.org/).

> [!CAUTION]
> To ensure that the encoded bytes are decoded properly, you should prefix encoded bytes with a preamble. However, most encodings do not provide a preamble. To ensure that the encoded bytes are decoded properly, you should use a Unicode encoding, that is, <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding>, <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding>, or <xref:System.Text.UTF32Encoding>, with a preamble.

## Examples
 The following example determines the byte order of the encoding based on the preamble.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetPreamble/preamble.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetPreamble/preamble.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <MemberGroup MemberName="GetString">
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, decodes a sequence of bytes into a string.</summary>
      </Docs>
    </MemberGroup>
    <Member MemberName="GetString">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual string GetString (byte[] bytes);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance string GetString(unsigned int8[] bytes) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetString(System.Byte[])" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable Function GetString (bytes As Byte()) As String" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="abstract member GetString : byte[] -&gt; string&#xA;override this.GetString : byte[] -&gt; string" Usage="encoding.GetString bytes" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual System::String ^ GetString(cli::array &lt;System::Byte&gt; ^ bytes);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="bytes" Type="System.Byte[]" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="bytes">The byte array containing the sequence of bytes to decode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, decodes all the bytes in the specified byte array into a string.</summary>
        <returns>A string that contains the results of decoding the specified sequence of bytes.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> object returned by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method of a derived class.

 See the Remarks section of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> reference topic for a discussion of decoding techniques and considerations.

 Note that the precise behavior of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method for a particular <xref:System.Text.Encoding> implementation depends on the fallback strategy defined for that <xref:System.Text.Encoding> object. For more information, see the "Choosing a Fallback Strategy" section of the [Character Encoding in .NET](/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding) topic.

## Examples
 The following example reads a UTF-8 encoded string from a binary file represented by a <xref:System.IO.FileStream> object. For files that are smaller than 2,048 bytes, it reads the contents of the entire file into a byte array and calls the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString(System.Byte[])> method to perform the decoding. For larger files, it reads 2,048 bytes at a time into a byte array, calls the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetCharCount(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32)?displayProperty=nameWithType> method to determine how many characters are contained in the array, and then calls the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)?displayProperty=nameWithType> method to perform the decoding.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetString/getstring1.cs" id="Snippet2":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetString/getstring1.vb" id="Snippet2":::

 The example uses the following text, which should be saved to a UTF-8 encoded file named Utf8Example.txt.

```txt
This is a UTF-8-encoded file that contains primarily Latin text, although it
does list the first twelve letters of the Russian (Cyrillic) alphabet:

А б в г д е ё ж з и й к

The goal is to save this file, then open and decode it as a binary stream.
```

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">The byte array contains invalid Unicode code points.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount(System.Int32)" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="GetString">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public string GetString (ReadOnlySpan&lt;byte&gt; bytes);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig instance string GetString(valuetype System.ReadOnlySpan`1&lt;unsigned int8&gt; bytes) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetString(System.ReadOnlySpan{System.Byte})" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Function GetString (bytes As ReadOnlySpan(Of Byte)) As String" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.GetString : ReadOnlySpan&lt;byte&gt; -&gt; string" Usage="encoding.GetString bytes" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; System::String ^ GetString(ReadOnlySpan&lt;System::Byte&gt; bytes);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
        <Attributes>
          <Attribute FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0">
            <AttributeName Language="C#">[System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Nullable(1)]</AttributeName>
            <AttributeName Language="F#">[&lt;System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Nullable(1)&gt;]</AttributeName>
          </Attribute>
        </Attributes>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="bytes" Type="System.ReadOnlySpan&lt;System.Byte&gt;" Index="0" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-5.0;net-6.0;net-7.0;net-8.0;net-9.0;netcore-2.1;netcore-2.2;netcore-3.0;netcore-3.1" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="bytes">A read-only byte span to decode to a Unicode string.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, decodes all the bytes in the specified byte span into a string.</summary>
        <returns>A string that contains the decoded bytes from the provided read-only span.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method is designed to optimize performance. Instead of creating a managed byte array and then decoding it, you can instead call this method without having to create any intermediate objects.

 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> object returned by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method of a derived class.

 See the Remarks section of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> reference topic for a discussion of decoding techniques and considerations.

 Note that the precise behavior of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method for a particular <xref:System.Text.Encoding> implementation depends on the fallback strategy defined for that <xref:System.Text.Encoding> object. For more information, see the "Choosing a Fallback Strategy" section of the [Character Encoding in .NET](/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding) topic.

 ]]></format>
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      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetString(System.Byte*,System.Int32)" />
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          <AttributeName Language="F#">[&lt;System.Security.SecurityCritical&gt;]</AttributeName>
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        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
        <Attributes>
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        <Parameter Name="bytes" Type="System.Byte*" />
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      <Docs>
        <param name="bytes">A pointer to a byte array.</param>
        <param name="byteCount">The number of bytes to decode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, decodes a specified number of bytes starting at a specified address into a string.</summary>
        <returns>A string that contains the results of decoding the specified sequence of bytes.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method is designed to optimize performance when you have a native pointer to a byte array. Instead of creating a managed byte array and then decoding it, you can instead call this method without having to create any intermediate objects.

 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> object returned by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method of a derived class.

 See the Remarks section of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> reference topic for a discussion of decoding techniques and considerations.

 Note that the precise behavior of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString*> method for a particular <xref:System.Text.Encoding> implementation depends on the fallback strategy defined for that <xref:System.Text.Encoding> object. For more information, see the "Choosing a Fallback Strategy" section of the [Character Encoding in .NET](/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding) topic.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="bytes" /> is a null pointer.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="byteCount" /> is less than zero.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see> for a complete explanation)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[])" />
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        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount(System.Int32)" />
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      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance string GetString(unsigned int8[] bytes, int32 index, int32 count) cil managed" />
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        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="bytes" Type="System.Byte[]" />
        <Parameter Name="index" Type="System.Int32" />
        <Parameter Name="count" Type="System.Int32" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="bytes">The byte array containing the sequence of bytes to decode.</param>
        <param name="index">The index of the first byte to decode.</param>
        <param name="count">The number of bytes to decode.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, decodes a sequence of bytes from the specified byte array into a string.</summary>
        <returns>A string that contains the results of decoding the specified sequence of bytes.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 If the data to be converted is available only in sequential blocks (such as data read from a stream) or if the amount of data is so large that it needs to be divided into smaller blocks, you should use the <xref:System.Text.Decoder> or the <xref:System.Text.Encoder> provided by the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder*> method or the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoder*> method, respectively, of a derived class.

 See the Remarks section of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars*?displayProperty=nameWithType> reference topic for a discussion of decoding techniques and considerations.

## Examples
 The following example reads a UTF-8 encoded string from a binary file that is represented by a <xref:System.IO.FileStream> object. For files that are smaller than 2,048 bytes, it reads the contents of the entire file into a byte array and calls the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetString(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32)> method to perform the decoding. For larger files, it reads 2,048 bytes at a time into a byte array, calls the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetCharCount(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32)?displayProperty=nameWithType> method to determine how many characters are contained in the array, and then calls the <xref:System.Text.Decoder.GetChars(System.Byte[],System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Char[],System.Int32)?displayProperty=nameWithType> method to perform the decoding.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetString/getstring2.cs" id="Snippet3":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetString/getstring2.vb" id="Snippet3":::

 The example uses the following text, which should be saved to a UTF-8 encoded file named Utf8Example.txt.

```txt
This is a UTF-8-encoded file that contains primarily Latin text, although it
does list the first twelve letters of the Russian (Cyrillic) alphabet:

А б в г д е ё ж з и й к

The goal is to save this file, then open and decode it as a binary stream.
```

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException">The byte array contains invalid Unicode code points.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="bytes" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">
          <paramref name="index" /> or <paramref name="count" /> is less than zero.

 -or-

 <paramref name="index" /> and <paramref name="count" /> do not denote a valid range in <paramref name="bytes" />.</exception>
        <exception cref="T:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException">A fallback occurred (for more information, see <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">Character Encoding in .NET</see>)

 -and-

 <see cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.DecoderFallback" /> is set to <see cref="T:System.Text.DecoderExceptionFallback" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetChars(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetDecoder" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetCharCount(System.Byte[])" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetMaxCharCount(System.Int32)" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="HeaderName">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual string HeaderName { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance string HeaderName" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.HeaderName" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable ReadOnly Property HeaderName As String" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.HeaderName : string" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.HeaderName" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual property System::String ^ HeaderName { System::String ^ get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets a name for the current encoding that can be used with mail agent header tags.</summary>
        <value>A name for the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> to use with mail agent header tags.

 -or-

 An empty string (""), if the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> cannot be used.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 If you need an encoding for a header name, you should call the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*> method with the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.HeaderName> property. Often the method retrieves a different encoding from the test encoding furnished in the call. Generally only email applications need to retrieve such an encoding.

 In some cases, the value of the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.BodyName> property corresponds to the international standard that defines that encoding. This doesn't mean that the implementation complies in full with that standard.

 Note that <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WebName*> returns the name to use to describe an encoding. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.HeaderName> property defines a different encoding that might work better for an email application, for example. However, use of the property to define the encoding is not recommended.

## Examples
 The following example retrieves the different names for each encoding and displays the encodings with one or more names that are different from <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name*?displayProperty=nameWithType>. It displays <xref:System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName*> but does not compare against it.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BodyName/names.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BodyName/names.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.BodyName" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.WebName" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <MemberGroup MemberName="IsAlwaysNormalized">
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <Docs>
        <summary>Gets a value indicating whether the current encoding is always normalized.</summary>
      </Docs>
    </MemberGroup>
    <Member MemberName="IsAlwaysNormalized">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public bool IsAlwaysNormalized ();" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig instance bool IsAlwaysNormalized() cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.IsAlwaysNormalized" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Function IsAlwaysNormalized () As Boolean" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.IsAlwaysNormalized : unit -&gt; bool" Usage="encoding.IsAlwaysNormalized " />
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        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters />
      <Docs>
        <summary>Gets a value indicating whether the current encoding is always normalized, using the default normalization form.</summary>
        <returns>
          <see langword="true" /> if the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> is always normalized; otherwise, <see langword="false" />. The default is <see langword="false" />.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The default normalization form is <xref:System.Text.NormalizationForm.FormC>, which uses full canonical decomposition, followed by the replacement of sequences with their primary composites, if possible.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.NormalizationForm" />
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    <Member MemberName="IsAlwaysNormalized">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual bool IsAlwaysNormalized (System.Text.NormalizationForm form);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance bool IsAlwaysNormalized(valuetype System.Text.NormalizationForm form) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.IsAlwaysNormalized(System.Text.NormalizationForm)" />
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      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="form" Type="System.Text.NormalizationForm" Index="0" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-5.0;net-6.0;net-7.0;net-8.0;net-9.0;netcore-2.0;netcore-2.1;netcore-2.2;netcore-3.0;netcore-3.1" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="form">One of the <see cref="T:System.Text.NormalizationForm" /> values.</param>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets a value indicating whether the current encoding is always normalized, using the specified normalization form.</summary>
        <returns>
          <see langword="true" /> if the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> object is always normalized using the specified <see cref="T:System.Text.NormalizationForm" /> value; otherwise, <see langword="false" />. The default is <see langword="false" />.</returns>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The default normalization form is <xref:System.Text.NormalizationForm.FormC>, which uses full canonical decomposition, followed by the replacement of sequences with their primary composites, if possible.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.NormalizationForm" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="IsBrowserDisplay">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual bool IsBrowserDisplay { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance bool IsBrowserDisplay" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.IsBrowserDisplay" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable ReadOnly Property IsBrowserDisplay As Boolean" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.IsBrowserDisplay : bool" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.IsBrowserDisplay" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual property bool IsBrowserDisplay { bool get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets a value indicating whether the current encoding can be used by browser clients for displaying content.</summary>
        <value>
          <see langword="true" /> if the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> can be used by browser clients for displaying content; otherwise, <see langword="false" />.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Examples
 The following example checks the values of the Boolean properties of each encoding.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.IsBrowserSave" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="IsBrowserSave">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual bool IsBrowserSave { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance bool IsBrowserSave" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.IsBrowserSave" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable ReadOnly Property IsBrowserSave As Boolean" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.IsBrowserSave : bool" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.IsBrowserSave" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual property bool IsBrowserSave { bool get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets a value indicating whether the current encoding can be used by browser clients for saving content.</summary>
        <value>
          <see langword="true" /> if the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> can be used by browser clients for saving content; otherwise, <see langword="false" />.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Examples
 The following example checks the values of the Boolean properties of each encoding.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.IsBrowserDisplay" />
      </Docs>
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      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual bool IsMailNewsDisplay { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance bool IsMailNewsDisplay" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.IsMailNewsDisplay" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable ReadOnly Property IsMailNewsDisplay As Boolean" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.IsMailNewsDisplay : bool" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.IsMailNewsDisplay" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual property bool IsMailNewsDisplay { bool get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets a value indicating whether the current encoding can be used by mail and news clients for displaying content.</summary>
        <value>
          <see langword="true" /> if the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> can be used by mail and news clients for displaying content; otherwise, <see langword="false" />.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Examples
 The following example checks the values of the Boolean properties of each encoding.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.IsMailNewsDisplay" />
      </Docs>
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      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance bool IsMailNewsSave" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.IsMailNewsSave" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable ReadOnly Property IsMailNewsSave As Boolean" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.IsMailNewsSave : bool" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.IsMailNewsSave" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual property bool IsMailNewsSave { bool get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets a value indicating whether the current encoding can be used by mail and news clients for saving content.</summary>
        <value>
          <see langword="true" /> if the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> can be used by mail and news clients for saving content; otherwise, <see langword="false" />.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Examples
 The following example checks the values of the Boolean properties of each encoding.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.IsMailNewsSave" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
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      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public bool IsReadOnly { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance bool IsReadOnly" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.IsReadOnly" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public ReadOnly Property IsReadOnly As Boolean" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.IsReadOnly : bool" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.IsReadOnly" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; property bool IsReadOnly { bool get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
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      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets a value indicating whether the current encoding is read-only.</summary>
        <value>
          <see langword="true" /> if the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> is read-only; otherwise, <see langword="false" />. The default is <see langword="true" />.</value>
        <remarks>To be added.</remarks>
      </Docs>
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    <Member MemberName="IsSingleByte">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual bool IsSingleByte { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance bool IsSingleByte" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.IsSingleByte" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable ReadOnly Property IsSingleByte As Boolean" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.IsSingleByte : bool" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.IsSingleByte" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual property bool IsSingleByte { bool get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets a value indicating whether the current encoding uses single-byte code points.</summary>
        <value>
          <see langword="true" /> if the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" /> uses single-byte code points; otherwise, <see langword="false" />.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 For a single-byte encoding, for example, <xref:System.Text.ASCIIEncoding>, this property retrieves `true`.

> [!CAUTION]
> You should be careful in what your application does with the value for <xref:System.Text.Encoding.IsSingleByte*>. An assumption of how an Encoding will proceed may still be wrong. For example, Windows-1252 has a value of `true` for <xref:System.Text.Encoding.IsSingleByte*?displayProperty=nameWithType>, but Encoding.GetMaxByteCount(1) returns 2. This is because the method considers potential leftover surrogates from a previous decoder operation.

## Examples
 The following example checks the values of the Boolean properties of each encoding.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/GetEncodings/isprops.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
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      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static System.Text.Encoding Latin1 { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property class System.Text.Encoding Latin1" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.Latin1" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Shared ReadOnly Property Latin1 As Encoding" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="static member Latin1 : System.Text.Encoding" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.Latin1" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; static property System::Text::Encoding ^ Latin1 { System::Text::Encoding ^ get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
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        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
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      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoding</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>Gets an encoding for the Latin1 character set (ISO-8859-1).</summary>
        <value>To be added.</value>
        <remarks>To be added.</remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="Preamble">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual ReadOnlySpan&lt;byte&gt; Preamble { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance valuetype System.ReadOnlySpan`1&lt;unsigned int8&gt; Preamble" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.Preamble" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable ReadOnly Property Preamble As ReadOnlySpan(Of Byte)" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.Preamble : ReadOnlySpan&lt;byte&gt;" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.Preamble" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual property ReadOnlySpan&lt;System::Byte&gt; Preamble { ReadOnlySpan&lt;System::Byte&gt; get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
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        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <Attributes>
        <Attribute FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-8.0;net-9.0">
          <AttributeName Language="C#">[System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Nullable(0)]</AttributeName>
          <AttributeName Language="F#">[&lt;System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Nullable(0)&gt;]</AttributeName>
        </Attribute>
      </Attributes>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.ReadOnlySpan&lt;System.Byte&gt;</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, returns a span containing the sequence of bytes that specifies the encoding used.</summary>
        <value>A byte span containing a sequence of bytes that specifies the encoding used, or a span of length zero, if a preamble is not required.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 Optionally, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding> object provides a preamble that is an sequence of bytes that can be prefixed to the bytes resulting from the encoding process. If the preamble contains a byte order mark (in Unicode, code point U+FEFF), it helps the decoder determine the byte order and the transformation format or UTF.

 The Unicode byte order mark (BOM) is serialized as follows (in hexadecimal):

- UTF-8: EF BB BF

- UTF-16 big endian byte order: FE FF

- UTF-16 little endian byte order: FF FE

- UTF-32 big endian byte order: 00 00 FE FF

- UTF-32 little endian byte order: FF FE 00 00

 You should use the BOM, because it provides nearly certain identification of an encoding for files that otherwise have lost reference to the <xref:System.Text.Encoding> object, for example, untagged or improperly tagged web data or random text files stored when a business did not have international concerns or other data. Often user problems might be avoided if data is consistently and properly tagged, preferably in UTF-8 or UTF-16.

 For standards that provide an encoding type, a BOM is somewhat redundant. However, it can be used to help a server send the correct encoding header. Alternatively, it can be used as a fallback in case the encoding is otherwise lost.

 There are some disadvantages to using a BOM. For example, knowing how to limit the database fields that use a BOM can be difficult. Concatenation of files can be a problem also, for example, when files are merged in such a way that an unnecessary character can end up in the middle of data. Despite the few disadvantages, however, the use of a BOM is highly recommended.

 For more information on byte order and the byte order mark, see The Unicode Standard at the [Unicode home page](https://home.unicode.org/).

> [!CAUTION]
> To ensure that the encoded bytes are decoded properly, you should prefix encoded bytes with a preamble. However, most encodings do not provide a preamble. To ensure that the encoded bytes are decoded properly, you should use a Unicode encoding, that is, <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding>, <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding>, or <xref:System.Text.UTF32Encoding>, with a preamble.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="RegisterProvider">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static void RegisterProvider (System.Text.EncodingProvider provider);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public static hidebysig void RegisterProvider(class System.Text.EncodingProvider provider) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.RegisterProvider(System.Text.EncodingProvider)" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Shared Sub RegisterProvider (provider As EncodingProvider)" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="static member RegisterProvider : System.Text.EncodingProvider -&gt; unit" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.RegisterProvider provider" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; static void RegisterProvider(System::Text::EncodingProvider ^ provider);" />
      <MemberType>Method</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
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        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
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      </AssemblyInfo>
      <Attributes>
        <Attribute FrameworkAlternate="netcore-1.0;netcore-1.1;netcore-2.0">
          <AttributeName Language="C#">[System.Security.SecurityCritical]</AttributeName>
          <AttributeName Language="F#">[&lt;System.Security.SecurityCritical&gt;]</AttributeName>
        </Attribute>
      </Attributes>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Void</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="provider" Type="System.Text.EncodingProvider" />
      </Parameters>
      <Docs>
        <param name="provider">A subclass of <see cref="T:System.Text.EncodingProvider" /> that provides access to additional character encodings.</param>
        <summary>Registers an encoding provider.</summary>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.RegisterProvider*> method allows you to register a class derived from <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider> that makes character encodings available on a platform that does not otherwise support them. Once the encoding provider is registered, the encodings that it supports can be retrieved by calling any <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*?displayProperty=nameWithType> overload. If there are multiple encoding providers, the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method attempts to retrieve a specified encoding from each provider starting with the one most recently registered.

Registering an encoding provider by using the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.RegisterProvider*> method also affects the behavior of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)> when passed an argument of `0`. The default behavior for <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)> with `codepage` 0 is to return UTF-8:

- **If the registered provider is <xref:System.Text.CodePagesEncodingProvider>**:
  - On **Windows**, <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)> with `codepage` 0 returns the encoding that matches the system's active code page.
  - On **non-Windows platforms**, it still returns UTF-8.
- **If a custom encoding provider is registered**: The provider can choose which encoding to return when <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)> is passed an argument of `0`. The provider can also choose to not handle this case by returning `null` from its <xref:System.Text.EncodingProvider.GetEncoding*?displayProperty=nameWithType> method, in which case the default UTF-8 behavior is used.

If multiple providers are registered, <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)> attempts to retrieve the encoding from the most recently registered provider first.

.NET includes one encoding provider, <xref:System.Text.CodePagesEncodingProvider>, that makes additional encodings available.

 If the same encoding provider is used in multiple calls to the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.RegisterProvider*> method, only the first method call registers the provider. Subsequent calls are ignored.

 If the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.RegisterProvider*> method is called to register multiple providers that handle the same encoding, the last registered provider is the used for all encoding and decoding operations. Any previously registered providers are ignored.

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">
          <paramref name="provider" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.CodePagesEncodingProvider" />
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.EncodingProvider" />
      </Docs>
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    <Member MemberName="TryGetBytes">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual bool TryGetBytes (ReadOnlySpan&lt;char&gt; chars, Span&lt;byte&gt; bytes, out int bytesWritten);" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance bool TryGetBytes(valuetype System.ReadOnlySpan`1&lt;char&gt; chars, valuetype System.Span`1&lt;unsigned int8&gt; bytes, [out] int32&amp; bytesWritten) cil managed" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.TryGetBytes(System.ReadOnlySpan{System.Char},System.Span{System.Byte},System.Int32@)" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable Function TryGetBytes (chars As ReadOnlySpan(Of Char), bytes As Span(Of Byte), ByRef bytesWritten As Integer) As Boolean" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="abstract member TryGetBytes : ReadOnlySpan&lt;char&gt; * Span&lt;byte&gt; * int -&gt; bool&#xA;override this.TryGetBytes : ReadOnlySpan&lt;char&gt; * Span&lt;byte&gt; * int -&gt; bool" Usage="encoding.TryGetBytes (chars, bytes, bytesWritten)" />
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        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
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      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
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        <Parameter Name="chars" Type="System.ReadOnlySpan&lt;System.Char&gt;" Index="0" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-8.0;net-9.0" />
        <Parameter Name="bytes" Type="System.Span&lt;System.Byte&gt;" Index="1" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-8.0;net-9.0" />
        <Parameter Name="bytesWritten" Type="System.Int32" RefType="out" Index="2" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-8.0;net-9.0" />
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      <Docs>
        <param name="chars">The span containing the set of characters to encode.</param>
        <param name="bytes">The byte span to hold the encoded bytes.</param>
        <param name="bytesWritten">Upon successful completion of the operation, the number of bytes encoded into <paramref name="bytes" />.</param>
        <summary>Encodes into a span of bytes a set of characters from the specified read-only span if the destination is large enough.</summary>
        <returns>
          <see langword="true" /> if all of the characters were encoded into the destination; <see langword="false" /> if the destination was too small to contain all the encoded bytes.</returns>
        <remarks>To be added.</remarks>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="TryGetChars">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual bool TryGetChars (ReadOnlySpan&lt;byte&gt; bytes, Span&lt;char&gt; chars, out int charsWritten);" />
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      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="M:System.Text.Encoding.TryGetChars(System.ReadOnlySpan{System.Byte},System.Span{System.Char},System.Int32@)" />
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      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
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      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Boolean</ReturnType>
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      <Parameters>
        <Parameter Name="bytes" Type="System.ReadOnlySpan&lt;System.Byte&gt;" Index="0" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-8.0;net-9.0" />
        <Parameter Name="chars" Type="System.Span&lt;System.Char&gt;" Index="1" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-8.0;net-9.0" />
        <Parameter Name="charsWritten" Type="System.Int32" RefType="out" Index="2" FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-8.0;net-9.0" />
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        <param name="bytes">A read-only span containing the sequence of bytes to decode.</param>
        <param name="chars">The character span receiving the decoded bytes.</param>
        <param name="charsWritten">Upon successful completion of the operation, the number of chars decoded into <paramref name="chars" />.</param>
        <summary>Decodes into a span of chars a set of bytes from the specified read-only span if the destination is large enough.</summary>
        <returns>
          <see langword="true" /> if all of the characters were decoded into the destination; <see langword="false" /> if the destination was too small to contain all the decoded chars.</returns>
        <remarks>To be added.</remarks>
      </Docs>
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    <Member MemberName="Unicode">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static System.Text.Encoding Unicode { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property class System.Text.Encoding Unicode" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.Unicode" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Shared ReadOnly Property Unicode As Encoding" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="static member Unicode : System.Text.Encoding" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.Unicode" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; static property System::Text::Encoding ^ Unicode { System::Text::Encoding ^ get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
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      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoding</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>Gets an encoding for the UTF-16 format using the little endian byte order.</summary>
        <value>An encoding for the UTF-16 format using the little endian byte order.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 For information about the encodings supported by .NET and a discussion of which Unicode encoding to use, see [Character Encoding in .NET](/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding).

 The <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding> object that is returned by this property may not have the appropriate behavior for your app. It uses replacement fallback to replace each string that it cannot encode and each byte that it cannot decode with a question mark ("?") character. Instead, you can call the <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding.%23ctor(System.Boolean,System.Boolean,System.Boolean)?displayProperty=nameWithType> constructor to instantiate a little endian <xref:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding> object whose fallback is either an <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException> or a <xref:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException>, as the following example illustrates.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/Unicode/unicode1.cs" id="Snippet2":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/Unicode/unicode1.vb" id="Snippet2":::

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode a character array, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.UnicodeEncoding" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.BigEndianUnicode" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="UTF32">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static System.Text.Encoding UTF32 { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property class System.Text.Encoding UTF32" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.UTF32" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Shared ReadOnly Property UTF32 As Encoding" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="static member UTF32 : System.Text.Encoding" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.UTF32" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; static property System::Text::Encoding ^ UTF32 { System::Text::Encoding ^ get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoding</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>Gets an encoding for the UTF-32 format using the little endian byte order.</summary>
        <value>An encoding object for the UTF-32 format using the little endian byte order.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.UTF32Encoding> object that is returned by this property may not have the appropriate behavior for your app. It uses replacement fallback to replace each string that it cannot encode and each byte that it cannot decode with the Unicode REPLACEMENT CHARACTER (U+FFFE). Instead, you can call the <xref:System.Text.UTF32Encoding.%23ctor(System.Boolean,System.Boolean,System.Boolean)?displayProperty=nameWithType> constructor to instantiate a <xref:System.Text.UTF32Encoding> object whose fallback is either an <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException> or a <xref:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException>, as the following example illustrates.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/UTF32/encoding.utf32.1.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/UTF32/encoding.utf32.1.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 For a discussion of little endian byte order, see <xref:System.Text.Encoding>.

 For information about the encodings supported by .NET and a discussion of which Unicode encoding to use, see [Character Encoding in .NET](/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding).

## Examples
 The following example determines the number of bytes required to encode a character array, encodes the characters, and displays the resulting bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BigEndianUnicode/getbytes_chararr.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.UTF32Encoding" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.UTF8" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.Unicode" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.BigEndianUnicode" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="UTF7">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static System.Text.Encoding UTF7 { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property class System.Text.Encoding UTF7" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.UTF7" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Shared ReadOnly Property UTF7 As Encoding" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="static member UTF7 : System.Text.Encoding" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.UTF7" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; static property System::Text::Encoding ^ UTF7 { System::Text::Encoding ^ get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <Attributes>
        <Attribute FrameworkAlternate="net-10.0;net-11.0;net-5.0;net-6.0;net-7.0;net-8.0;net-9.0">
          <AttributeName Language="C#">[System.Obsolete("The UTF-7 encoding is insecure and should not be used. Consider using UTF-8 instead.", DiagnosticId="SYSLIB0001", UrlFormat="https://aka.ms/dotnet-warnings/{0}")]</AttributeName>
          <AttributeName Language="F#">[&lt;System.Obsolete("The UTF-7 encoding is insecure and should not be used. Consider using UTF-8 instead.", DiagnosticId="SYSLIB0001", UrlFormat="https://aka.ms/dotnet-warnings/{0}")&gt;]</AttributeName>
        </Attribute>
      </Attributes>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoding</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>Gets an encoding for the UTF-7 format.</summary>
        <value>An encoding for the UTF-7 format.</value>
        <remarks>To be added.</remarks>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.UTF7Encoding" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.UTF8" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="UTF8">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public static System.Text.Encoding UTF8 { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property class System.Text.Encoding UTF8" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.UTF8" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Shared ReadOnly Property UTF8 As Encoding" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="static member UTF8 : System.Text.Encoding" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.UTF8" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; static property System::Text::Encoding ^ UTF8 { System::Text::Encoding ^ get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Text.Encoding</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>Gets an encoding for the UTF-8 format.</summary>
        <value>An encoding for the UTF-8 format.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 This property returns a <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding> object that encodes Unicode (UTF-16-encoded) characters into a sequence of one to four bytes per character, and that decodes a UTF-8-encoded byte array to Unicode (UTF-16-encoded) characters. For information about the character encodings supported by .NET and a discussion of which Unicode encoding to use, see [Character Encoding in .NET](/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding).

 The <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding> object that is returned by this property might not have the appropriate behavior for your app.

- It returns a <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding> object that provides a Unicode byte order mark (BOM). To instantiate a UTF8 encoding that doesn't provide a BOM, call any overload of the <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding.%23ctor*> constructor.

- It returns a <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding> object that uses replacement fallback to replace each string that it can't encode and each byte that it can't decode with a question mark ("?") character. Instead, you can call the <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding.%23ctor(System.Boolean,System.Boolean)?displayProperty=nameWithType> constructor to instantiate a <xref:System.Text.UTF8Encoding> object whose fallback is either an <xref:System.Text.EncoderFallbackException> or a <xref:System.Text.DecoderFallbackException>, as the following example illustrates.

  :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/UTF8/encoding.utf8.1.cs" id="Snippet1":::
  :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/UTF8/encoding.utf8.1.vb" id="Snippet1":::

## Examples
 The following example defines an array that consists of the following characters:

- LATIN SMALL LETTER Z (U+007A)

- LATIN SMALL LETTER A (U+0061)

- COMBINING BREVE (U+0306)

- LATIN SMALL LETTER AE WITH ACUTE (U+01FD)

- GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA (U+03B2)

- A surrogate pair (U+D800 U+DD54) that forms GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC ONE THOUSAND STATERS (U+10154).

 It displays the UTF-16 code units of each character and determines the number of bytes required by a UTF-8 encoder to encode the character array. It then encodes the characters and displays the resulting UTF-8-encoded bytes.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/UTF8/example1.cs" id="Snippet2":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/UTF8/example1.vb" id="Snippet2":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="T:System.Text.UTF8Encoding" />
        <altmember cref="M:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Int32)" />
        <related type="Article" href="/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding">How to use character encoding classes in .NET</related>
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="WebName">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual string WebName { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance string WebName" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.WebName" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable ReadOnly Property WebName As String" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.WebName : string" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.WebName" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual property System::String ^ WebName { System::String ^ get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.10.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.String</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets the name registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for the current encoding.</summary>
        <value>The IANA name for the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WebName> property is the same as the <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name> property.

 Note that <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WebName*> returns an IANA-registered name for the encoding. When its value is the name of a standard, the implementation of the encoding might not conform in full to that standard. The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.HeaderName> property defines a different encoding that might work better for email headers. However, most apps should use <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WebName*> instead.

 For more information on the IANA, go to [www.iana.org](https://www.iana.org/).

 The <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WebName*?displayProperty=nameWithType> is the same as the <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name*?displayProperty=nameWithType> returned by <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings*?displayProperty=nameWithType>. Some of the web names are duplicates; see the remarks for <xref:System.Text.Encoding.GetEncodings*?displayProperty=nameWithType> for more information.

## Examples
 The following example includes the <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WebName*> in an HTML header.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/WebName/webname.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/WebName/webname.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 The following example retrieves the different names for each encoding and displays the encodings with one or more names that are different from <xref:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name*?displayProperty=nameWithType>. It displays <xref:System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName*> but does not compare against it.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/BodyName/names.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/BodyName/names.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.EncodingInfo.Name" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.BodyName" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.EncodingName" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.HeaderName" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
    <Member MemberName="WindowsCodePage">
      <MemberSignature Language="C#" Value="public virtual int WindowsCodePage { get; }" />
      <MemberSignature Language="ILAsm" Value=".property instance int32 WindowsCodePage" />
      <MemberSignature Language="DocId" Value="P:System.Text.Encoding.WindowsCodePage" />
      <MemberSignature Language="VB.NET" Value="Public Overridable ReadOnly Property WindowsCodePage As Integer" />
      <MemberSignature Language="F#" Value="member this.WindowsCodePage : int" Usage="System.Text.Encoding.WindowsCodePage" />
      <MemberSignature Language="C++ CLI" Value="public:&#xA; virtual property int WindowsCodePage { int get(); };" />
      <MemberType>Property</MemberType>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>mscorlib</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>1.0.5000.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.5.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>netstandard</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>2.1.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Runtime</AssemblyName>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.1.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>4.2.2.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>5.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>6.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>7.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>8.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>9.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>10.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
        <AssemblyVersion>11.0.0.0</AssemblyVersion>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <AssemblyInfo>
        <AssemblyName>System.Text.Encoding</AssemblyName>
      </AssemblyInfo>
      <ReturnValue>
        <ReturnType>System.Int32</ReturnType>
      </ReturnValue>
      <Docs>
        <summary>When overridden in a derived class, gets the Windows operating system code page that most closely corresponds to the current encoding.</summary>
        <value>The Windows operating system code page that most closely corresponds to the current <see cref="T:System.Text.Encoding" />.</value>
        <remarks>
          <format type="text/markdown"><![CDATA[

## Remarks
 This property is provided for compatibility with the Windows MultiLanguage (MLang) APIs, for example, in determining font families. For globalization, using one of the Unicode encodings is recommended instead. It is also recommended to use <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WebName*> instead of <xref:System.Text.Encoding.WindowsCodePage*> to identify the code page.

## Examples
 The following example determines the Windows code page that most closely corresponds to each encoding.

 :::code language="csharp" source="~/snippets/csharp/System.Text/Encoding/WindowsCodePage/codepage.cs" id="Snippet1":::
 :::code language="vb" source="~/snippets/visualbasic/System.Text/Encoding/WindowsCodePage/codepage.vb" id="Snippet1":::

 ]]></format>
        </remarks>
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.Encoding.CodePage" />
        <altmember cref="P:System.Text.EncodingInfo.CodePage" />
      </Docs>
    </Member>
  </Members>
</Type>