diff --git a/common/changes/@visactor/vtable/3766-bug-row-frozen-occor-error_2025-04-23-12-19.json b/common/changes/@visactor/vtable/3766-bug-row-frozen-occor-error_2025-04-23-12-19.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc06090d6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/changes/@visactor/vtable/3766-bug-row-frozen-occor-error_2025-04-23-12-19.json
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+  "changes": [
+    {
+      "comment": "fix: when records is blank updateColumns api occor error #3766\n\n",
+      "type": "none",
+      "packageName": "@visactor/vtable"
+    }
+  ],
+  "packageName": "@visactor/vtable",
+  "email": "892739385@qq.com"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/vtable/src/ListTable.ts b/packages/vtable/src/ListTable.ts
index 10535e0417..2826d04a31 100644
--- a/packages/vtable/src/ListTable.ts
+++ b/packages/vtable/src/ListTable.ts
@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@ export class ListTable extends BaseTable implements ListTableAPI {
    * Sets the define of the column.
    */
   updateColumns(columns: ColumnsDefine) {
+    this.scenegraph.clearCells(); //将该代码提前 逻辑中有设置this.clear=true。refreshHeader逻辑中有判断clear这个值的地方
     const oldHoverState = { col: this.stateManager.hover.cellPos.col, row: this.stateManager.hover.cellPos.row };
     this.internalProps.columns = cloneDeepSpec(columns, ['children']);
     generateAggregationForColumn(this);
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ export class ListTable extends BaseTable implements ListTableAPI {
       this.dataSource.processRecords(this.dataSource.dataSourceObj?.records ?? this.dataSource.dataSourceObj);
     }
     this.internalProps.useOneRowHeightFillAll = false;
-    this.scenegraph.clearCells();
+
     this.headerStyleCache = new Map();
     this.bodyStyleCache = new Map();
     this.bodyBottomStyleCache = new Map();